I am on Mac OS X Yosemite 10.10 and Python 2.7.
If I type the following: du -g -d1 /Users 2> /dev/null
in the command line, everything works perfectly.
Now, my goal is to use that command in a python script.
My idea was to use the following:
import subprocess
output = subprocess.check_output(['du', '-g', '-d1', '/Users', '/dev/null'])
But I get this error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./verifications.py", line 1, in <module>
output = subprocess.check_output(['du', '-g', '-d1', '/Users', '/dev/null'])
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 537, in check_output
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd, output=output)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['du', '-g', '-d1', '/Users', '/dev/null']' returned non-zero exit status 1
Also, when I run subprocess.check_output(['du', '-g', '-d1', '/Users', '/dev/null'])
in local everything works fine, the error happens when I am logged on a shared iMac using Apple's Shared Screen tool. I have a feeling that the problem might be due to permissions, but I cannot find anything.
The subprocess. check_output() is used to get the output of the calling program in python. It has 5 arguments; args, stdin, stderr, shell, universal_newlines. The args argument holds the commands that are to be passed as a string.
CalledProcessError Exception raised when a process run by check_call() or check_output() returns a non-zero exit status. returncode Exit status of the child process.
subprocess.DEVNULL. Special value that can be used as the stdin, stdout or stderr argument to Popen and indicates that the special file os. devnull will be used. New in version 3.3. subprocess.PIPE.
From the docs: args is required for all calls and should be a string, or a sequence of program arguments. Providing a sequence of arguments is generally preferred, as it allows the module to take care of any required escaping and quoting of arguments (e.g. to permit spaces in file names).
For 2>/dev/null
, the appropriate way to control redirection of file descriptor 2 with the subprocess.Popen
family of calls is stderr=
:
# Python 2.x, or 3.0-3.2
output = subprocess.check_output(['du', '-g', '-d1', '/Users'],
stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
...or, with a Python supporting subprocess.DEVNULL
:
# Python 3.3 or newer
output = subprocess.check_output(['du', '-g', '-d1', '/Users'],
stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
By the way, personally, I'd suggest something more like this:
p = subprocess.Popen(['du', '-g', '-d1', '/Users'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
if p.returncode != 0:
raise Exception(stderr)
...which, instead of sending stderr
to /dev/null
, keeps it around to use in generating a useful exception in the event that the command fails. (Pick an appropriate subclass of Exception, obviously).
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