Using SQL Server stored procedures from Python (pyodbc)

Question

I'm have a stored procedure, code:

DECLARE @RC int 
DECLARE @id varchar(13) 
DECLARE @pw varchar(13) 
DECLARE @depart varchar(32) 
DECLARE @class varchar(12) 
DECLARE @name varchar(12) 
DECLARE @birthday varchar(10) 
DECLARE @grade int 
DECLARE @subgrade int 
SELECT @id = 'test' 
SELECT @pw = '12345' 
SELECT @depart = 'none' 
SELECT @class = 'GM' 
SELECT @name = 'name' 
SELECT @birthday = 'None' 
SELECT @grade = 3 
SELECT @subgrade = 2 
EXEC @RC = [my_database].[dbo].[my_table] @id, @pw, @depart, @class, @name, @birthday, @grade, @subgrade 
DECLARE @PrnLine nvarchar(4000) 
PRINT 'Stored Procedure: my_database.dbo.my_table' 
SELECT @PrnLine = ' Return Code = ' + CONVERT(nvarchar, @RC)

How i can make a raw sql query to create account using this procedure? I'm using flask and pyodbc.

Answer 1

From the pyodbc documentation

To call a stored procedure right now, pass the call to the execute method using either a format your database recognizes or using the ODBC call escape format. (The ODBC driver will then reformat the call for you to match the given database.)

For SQL Server you would use something like this:

# SQL Server format
cursor.execute("exec sp_dosomething(123, 'abc')")

# ODBC format
cursor.execute("{call sp_dosomething(123, 'abc')}")

So to call your procedure

id_ = 'test' 
pw = '12345' 
depart = 'none' 
class_ = 'GM' 
name = 'name' 
birthday = 'None' 
grade = 3 
subgrade = 2 

sql = 'exec [my_database].[dbo].[my_table](?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)'
values = (id_, pw, depart, class_, name, birthday, grade, subgrade)

cursor.execute(sql, (values))

Answer 2

The accepted answer does not address the issue of capturing the return value from the stored procedure, which can be done like this:

id_ = 'test' 
pw = '12345' 
depart = 'none' 
class_ = 'GM' 
name = 'name' 
birthday = 'None' 
grade = 3 
subgrade = 2 

sql = """\
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @RC int;
EXEC @RC = [my_database].[dbo].[my_sp] ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?;
SELECT @RC AS rc;
"""
values = (id_, pw, depart, class_, name, birthday, grade, subgrade)
cursor.execute(sql, values)
rc = cursor.fetchval()  # pyodbc convenience method similar to cursor.fetchone()[0]

Answer 3

Don't forget SET NOCOUNT ON in your stored procedure.

Answer 4

Another flavour of Gord's answer is using OUTPUT and named parameters (to be defined within the Stored procedure) for clarity.

id_ = 'test' 
pw = '12345' 
depart = 'none' 
class_ = 'GM' 
name = 'name' 
birthday = 'None' 
grade = 3 
subgrade = 2 

sql = """\
DECLARE @RC int;
EXEC [my_database].[dbo].[my_sp] @RC OUTPUT, @id_=?, @pw=?, @depart=?, @class_=?, @name=?, @birthday=?, @grade=?, @subgrade=?;
SELECT @RC AS rc;
"""
values = (id_, pw, depart, class_, name, birthday, grade, subgrade)
cursor.execute(sql, values)
rc = cursor.fetchval()