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Using Google Guice to inject java properties

I want to use google guice to make properties available in all classes of my application. I defined a Module which loads and binds the properties file Test.properties.

Property1=TEST
Property2=25

package com.test;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;

import com.google.inject.AbstractModule;
import com.google.inject.name.Names;

public class TestConfiguration extends AbstractModule {

    @Override
    protected void configure() {
    Properties properties = new Properties();
    try {
        properties.load(new FileReader("Test.properties"));
        Names.bindProperties(binder(), properties);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        System.out.println("The configuration file Test.properties can not be found");
    } catch (IOException e) {
        System.out.println("I/O Exception during loading configuration");
    }

    }
}

I'm using a main class where I create a injector to inject the properties.

package com.test;

import com.google.inject.Guice;
import com.google.inject.Injector;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    TestConfiguration config = new TestConfiguration();
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector(config);
    TestImpl test = injector.getInstance(TestImpl.class);
    }
}

package com.test;

import com.google.inject.Inject;
import com.google.inject.name.Named;

public class TestImpl {
    private final String property1;
    private final Integer property2;

        @Inject
        public TestImpl(@Named("Property1") String property1, @Named("Property2") Integer property2) {

        System.out.println("Hello World");
        this.property1 = property1;
        this.property2 = property2;

        System.out.println(property1);
        System.out.println(property2);

        }
     }

Now my question. If my TestImpl creates other classes where I also need to inject properties, and those classes also need to inject properties what is the correct way to do this?

  1. Pass the injector to all subclasses and then use injector.getInstance(...) to create the subclasses?

  2. Instanciate a new injector like

    TestConfiguration config = new TestConfiguration();
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector(config);
    TestImpl test = injector.getInstance(TestImpl.class);
    

in all nested classes?

  1. Is there an other approach to make the properties available in all classes?
like image 625
markus Avatar asked Mar 19 '12 15:03

markus


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What does @inject do in Guice?

Note that the only Guice-specific code in the above is the @Inject annotation. This annotation marks an injection point. Guice will attempt to reconcile the dependencies implied by the annotated constructor, method, or field.

What is @inject annotation in Guice?

@Target(value={METHOD,CONSTRUCTOR,FIELD}) @Retention(value=RUNTIME) @Documented public @interface Inject. Annotates members of your implementation class (constructors, methods and fields) into which the Injector should inject values. The Injector fulfills injection requests for: Every instance it constructs.

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Beyond Dependency Injection, the benefits of using Google Guice is: Guice has a very clean implementation of constructor Injection. As you can see from the example you just add @Inject annotation constructor. Guice also has setter Injection using the same annotation.


3 Answers

Pass the injector to all subclasses and then use injector.getInstance(...) to create the subclasses?

no, by doing this you are defeating the purpose of the dependency injection pattern and also coupling all your implementation to Guice. Your implementations should not interact at all with guice, except through the (now standardized) annotations.

Instanciate a new injector like

TestConfiguration config = new TestConfiguration(); 
Injector injector = Guice.createInjector(config); 
TestImpl test = injector.getInstance(TestImpl.class); 

in all nested classes?

no, and this is even worse cause you will end up with multiple injectors, hence multiple contexts which will prevent a proper usage of the scopes.

Ideally, you should only use the injector during the bootstrapping of your application. Of course the way to bootstrap it will largely depend of the application.

Is there an other approach to make the properties available in all classes?

The properties could be injected the same way you did for TestImpl. If you want TestImpl to use let say a service which also needs some properties (or other services), just let Guice inject it to TestImpl. Guice is taking care of all the instantiation/wiring. You should only tell Guice "how to proceed", by using the binder, when Guice cannot figure this out itself :

public class TestImpl {
    private final String property1;
    private final Integer property2;
    private final IService service;


        @Inject
        public TestImpl(@Named("Property1") String property1, @Named("Property2") Integer property2, IService service) {
           this.property1 = property1;
           this.property2 = property2;
           this.service= service;
        }
    }
}
like image 116
Pierre-Henri Avatar answered Sep 22 '22 01:09

Pierre-Henri


Library "Governator" provide a configuration mapping feature for guice injection. The approach is different, but load from properties files is available.

https://github.com/Netflix/governator/wiki/Configuration-Mapping

like image 31
EIIPII Avatar answered Sep 22 '22 01:09

EIIPII


The library Guice configuration can inject for you values from Properties or JSON files to your services.

You can inject from the file application.properties to your service as :

@BindConfig(value = "application", syntax = PROPERTIES)
public class Service {

    @InjectConfig
    private int port;

    @InjectConfig
    private String url;

    @InjectConfig
    private Optional<Integer> timeout;
}

You must simply install the modules ConfigurationModule

public class GuiceModule extends AbstractModule {
    @Override
    protected void configure() {
        install(ConfigurationModule.create());
        requestInjection(Service.class);
    }
}
like image 39
Yves Galante Avatar answered Sep 23 '22 01:09

Yves Galante