using fstream to read every character including spaces and newline

Question

Probably the best way is to read the entire file's contents into a string, which can be done very easily using ifstream's rdbuf() method:

std::ifstream in("myfile");

std::stringstream buffer;
buffer << in.rdbuf();

std::string contents(buffer.str());

You can then use regular string manipulation now that you've got everything from the file.

While Tomek was asking about reading a text file, the same approach will work for reading binary data, though the std::ios::binary flag needs to be provided when creating the input file stream.

For encryption, you're better off opening your file in binary mode. Use something like this to put the bytes of a file into a vector:

std::ifstream ifs("foobar.txt", std::ios::binary);

ifs.seekg(0, std::ios::end);
std::ifstream::pos_type filesize = ifs.tellg();
ifs.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);

std::vector<char> bytes(filesize);

ifs.read(&bytes[0], filesize);

Edit: fixed a subtle bug as per the comments.

I haven't tested this, but I believe you need to clear the "skip whitespace" flag:

inFile.unsetf(ios_base::skipws);

I use the following reference for C++ streams: IOstream Library

std::ifstream ifs( "filename.txt" );

std::string str( ( std::istreambuf_iterator<char>( ifs ) ), 
                 std::istreambuf_iterator<char>()
               );

The following c++ code will read an entire file...

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main () 
{
  string line;
  ifstream myfile ("foo.txt");

  if (myfile.is_open()){

    while (!myfile.eof()){
      getline (myfile,line);
      cout << line << endl;
    }
    myfile.close();
  }
  return 0;
}

post your code and I can give you more specific help to your problem...

A lot of the benefit of the istream layer is providing basic formatting and parsing for simple types ro and from a stream. For the purposes that you describe, none of this is really important and you are just interested in the file as a stream of bytes.

For these purpose you may be better of just using the basic_streambuf interface provided by a filebuf. The 'skip whitespace' behaviour is part of the istream interface functionality that you just don't need.

filebuf underlies an ifstream, but it is perfectly valid to use it directly.

std::filebuf myfile;
myfile.open( "myfile.dat", std::ios_base::in | std::ios_base::binary );

// gets next char, then moves 'get' pointer to next char in the file
int ch = myfile.sbumpc();

// get (up to) the next n chars from the stream
std::streamsize getcount = myfile.sgetn( char_array, n );

Also have a look at the functions snextc (moves the 'get' pointer forward and then returns the current char), sgetc (gets the current char but doesn't move the 'get' pointer) and sungetc (backs up the 'get' pointer by one position if possible).

When you don't need any of the insertion and extraction operators provided by an istream class and just need a basic byte interface, often the streambuf interface (filebuf, stringbuf) is more appropriate than an istream interface (ifstream, istringstream).