I want to use mmap()
to create a file containing some integers. I want to write to this file by writing to memory. I know that the data in memory is binary format and hence the data in file will also be in binary.
Can I use mmap
for this purpose? where can I find good resources on how to use mmap
? I didn't find a good manual to start with.
After the mmap() call has returned, the file descriptor, fd, can be closed immediately without invalidating the mapping. The prot argument describes the desired memory protection of the mapping (and must not conflict with the open mode of the file).
The mmap function creates a new mapping, connected to bytes ( offset ) to ( offset + length - 1) in the file open on filedes . A new reference for the file specified by filedes is created, which is not removed by closing the file. address gives a preferred starting address for the mapping.
The mmap() system call can also be used to allocate memory (an anonymous mapping). A key point here is that the mapped pages are not actually brought into physical memory until they are referenced; thus mmap() can be used to implement lazy loading of pages into memory (demand paging).
Return Value Upon successful completion, the mmap() function returns the address at which the mapping was placed; otherwise, it returns a value of MAP_FAILED, which has a value of 0, and sets errno to indicate the error.
Here is an example:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h> /* mmap() is defined in this header */
#include <fcntl.h>
void err_quit(char *msg)
{
printf(msg);
return 0;
}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
int fdin, fdout;
char *src, *dst;
struct stat statbuf;
int mode = 0x0777;
if (argc != 3)
err_quit ("usage: a.out <fromfile> <tofile>");
/* open the input file */
if ((fdin = open (argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0)
{printf("can't open %s for reading", argv[1]);
return 0;
}
/* open/create the output file */
if ((fdout = open (argv[2], O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, mode )) < 0)//edited here
{printf ("can't create %s for writing", argv[2]);
return 0;
}
/* find size of input file */
if (fstat (fdin,&statbuf) < 0)
{printf ("fstat error");
return 0;
}
/* go to the location corresponding to the last byte */
if (lseek (fdout, statbuf.st_size - 1, SEEK_SET) == -1)
{printf ("lseek error");
return 0;
}
/* write a dummy byte at the last location */
if (write (fdout, "", 1) != 1)
{printf ("write error");
return 0;
}
/* mmap the input file */
if ((src = mmap (0, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fdin, 0))
== (caddr_t) -1)
{printf ("mmap error for input");
return 0;
}
/* mmap the output file */
if ((dst = mmap (0, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_SHARED, fdout, 0)) == (caddr_t) -1)
{printf ("mmap error for output");
return 0;
}
/* this copies the input file to the output file */
memcpy (dst, src, statbuf.st_size);
return 0;
} /* main */
From Here
Another Linux example
Windows implementation of memory mapping.
Ressources -> mmap man 2
Examples : Linux's cp by fahmy
if ((dst = mmap (0, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_SHARED, fdout, 0)) == (caddr_t) -1)
err_sys ("mmap error for output");
/* this copies the input file to the output file */
memcpy (dst, src, statbuf.st_size);
And the mmap wiki example
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
/* Does not work on OS X, as you can't mmap over /dev/zero */
int main(void)
{
const char str1[] = "string 1";
const char str2[] = "string 2";
int parpid = getpid(), childpid;
int fd = -1;
char *anon, *zero;
if ((fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR, 0)) == -1)
err(1, "open");
anon = (char*)mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED, -1, 0);
zero = (char*)mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_FILE|MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
if (anon == MAP_FAILED || zero == MAP_FAILED)
errx(1, "either mmap");
strcpy(anon, str1);
strcpy(zero, str1);
printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", parpid, anon, zero);
switch ((childpid = fork())) {
case -1:
err(1, "fork");
/* NOTREACHED */
case 0:
childpid = getpid();
printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", childpid, anon, zero);
sleep(3);
printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", childpid, anon, zero);
munmap(anon, 4096);
munmap(zero, 4096);
close(fd);
return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
sleep(2);
strcpy(anon, str2);
strcpy(zero, str2);
printf("PID %d:\tanonymous %s, zero-backed %s\n", parpid, anon, zero);
munmap(anon, 4096);
munmap(zero, 4096);
close(fd);
return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
Try using both and adapt them for your goal.
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