Update n random rows in SQL

Question

I have table which is having about 1000 rows.I have to update a column("X") in the table to 'Y' for n ramdom rows. For this i can have following query

update xyz set X='Y' when m in (
'SELECT m FROM (SELECT m
FROM xyz
order by dbms_random.value
) RNDM 
where rownum < n+1);

Is there another efficient way to write this query. The table has no index. Please help?

Answer 1

I would use the ROWID:

UPDATE xyz SET x='Y' WHERE rowid IN (
    SELECT r FROM (
        SELECT ROWID r FROM xyz ORDER BY dbms_random.value
    ) RNDM WHERE rownum < n+1
)

The actual reason I would use ROWID isn't for efficiency though (it will still do a full table scan) - your SQL may not update the number of rows you want if column m isn't unique.

With only 1000 rows, you shouldn't really be worried about efficiency (maybe with a hundred million rows). Without any index on this table, you're stuck doing a full table scan to select random records.

[EDIT:] "But what if there are 100,000 rows"

Well, that's still 3 orders of magnitude less than 100 million.

I ran the following:

create table xyz as select * from all_objects;

[created about 50,000 rows on my system - non-indexed, just like your table]

UPDATE xyz SET owner='Y' WHERE rowid IN (
     SELECT r FROM (
          SELECT ROWID r FROM xyz ORDER BY dbms_random.value
     ) RNDM WHERE rownum < 10000
);
commit;

This took approximately 1.5 seconds. Maybe it was 1 second, maybe up to 3 seconds (didn't formally time it, it just took about enough time to blink).