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I've spent a lot of time in SQL Server product, but not so much in mySQL. I'm aware of the most basic differences in their SQL implementation, i.e. TOP 1" == "LIMIT 1" and so forth, but once we enter the world of programmability, I am absolutely clueless as to what built-in functions mySQL does and does not have.
I can find documentation on the mySQL functions by themselves easily enough, but I'm wondering if there's a document of some kind that simply lists SQL Server functions and their mySQL equivalents (or vice versa)?
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SQL is a query programming language for managing RDBMS. In contrast, MySQL is an RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) that employs SQL. So, the major difference between the two is that MySQL is software, but SQL is a database language.
MySQL and Oracle SQL are both RDBMSs (relational database management systems) owned by Oracle Corporation. MySQL is built to be primarily free and open-source, while Oracle is primarily built to be commercial and paid. MySQL is also more customizable than Oracle which is because Oracle is a finished product.
The Critical Differences of Postgres vs MySQL: MySQL is a simpler database that's fast, reliable, well understood, and easy to set up and manage. PostgreSQL is an object-relational database (ORDBMS) with features like table inheritance and function overloading, whereas MySQL is a pure relational database (RDBMS).
Even though MariaDB is a fork of MySQL, these two database management systems are still quite different: MariaDB is fully GPL licensed while MySQL takes a dual-license approach. Each handle thread pools in a different way. MariaDB supports a lot of different storage engines.
This may help:
Comparison of different SQL implementations
Functions in particular are here: http://troels.arvin.dk/db/rdbms/#functions
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