Testing service in Angular returns module is not defined

Question

You are missing the angular-mocks.js file.

I had the same problem, and I understood why it wasn't working: The jasmine.js javascript must be referenced BEFORE the angular-mocks.js file. Indeed, the angular-mocks.js checks if Jasmine is loaded, and only if it is it will add the module function to the window.

Here is an extract of Angular Mocks code:

(Edit after the few comments about 'hacking' I had below: this is just an extract of the code, this is not something you need to write yourself, it's already there!)

window.jasmine && (function(window) {

[...]

  window.module = angular.mock.module = function() {
    var moduleFns = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0);
    return isSpecRunning() ? workFn() : workFn;
    /////////////////////
    [...]
  };

In a nutshell: Just reference your jasmine.js before angular-mocks.js and off you go.

The window.module function comes in angular-mocks.js and is a shorthand for angular.mock.module. As mentioned in the docs, the module function only works with Jasmine.

Using Testacular, the following example configuration file will load angular-mocks.js.

/** example testacular.conf.js */

basePath = '../';
files = [
  JASMINE,
  JASMINE_ADAPTER,
  'path/to/angular.js',
  'path/to/angular-mocks.js',   // for angular.mock.module and inject.
  'src/js/**/*.js',             // application sources
  'test/unit/**/*.spec.js'      // specs
];
autoWatch = true;
browsers = ['Chrome'];

And, as suggested elsewhere, you can run Testacular with debug logging to see what scripts are loaded (you can also see the same in the inspector):

testacular --log-level debug start config/testacular.conf.js

The angular.mock.inject docs include a pretty complete example.

We use 'module' without 'angular' in our unit tests and it works fine.

CoffeeScript:

describe 'DiscussionServicesSpec', ->
    beforeEach module 'DiscussionServices'
    beforeEach inject ... etc.

which compiles to

JavaScript:

describe('DiscussionServices', function() {
    beforeEach(module('DiscussionServices'));
    beforeEach(inject(function ... etc.

The only time I see something like the error you described is if in the testacular.conf.js file the angular-mocks.js file is not listed in the files section before the specs trying to use 'module'. If I put it after my tests in the 'files' list I get

ReferenceError: Can't find variable: module

(Our tests are being run through PhantomJS)

I had included angular-mocks.js in my karma config, but was still getting the error. It turns out the order is important in the files array. (duh) Just like in the head of an html doc, if a script calls angular before it's defined, and error occurs. So I just had to include my app.js after angular.js and angular-mocks.js.