"SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module" with Babel, Jest, and webpack

Question

I have a problem with configurations of Babel 7, Webpack 4 and Jest. While I'm running tests I'm getting following error:

SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module

package.json

 "@babel/core": "^7.7.5",
    "@babel/highlight": "^7.8.3",
    "@babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import": "^7.8.3",
    "@babel/preset-env": "^7.8.4",
    "babel-core": "^7.0.0-bridge.0",
    "babel-loader": "^7.1.5",
    "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime": "^7.7.4",
    "@babel/preset-react": "^7.7.4",
    "@babel/runtime": "^7.8.4",
    "babel-jest": "^24.9.0",
    "jest-watch-typeahead": "^0.4.2",
    "vue-jest": "^3.0.5",
    "jest": "^24.9.0",
    "jest-serializer-vue": "^2.0.2",
    "jest-transform-stub": "^2.0.0",

webpack.config.js

  entry: {
      app: ["./src/index.js"]
  },
  output: {
    path: path.resolve('../', 'static/js/'), 
    filename: "[name].js",
    publicPath: '/static/js/', 
    chunkFilename: '[name].chunk.js' 
  }, 

.babelrc - I assumed that the problem is with module: false but if I dont include that, webpack doesnt chunk my files.

{
  "presets": [
    ["@babel/preset-env", {"modules": false}, "jest" ]
  ],
  "plugins": [
    "@babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import" 
  ],
    "env": {  
      "test": {
        "plugins": ["@babel/plugin-transform-runtime"],
      }
    }
} 

When I removed module: false tests were running, are there any chances to dont include module: false into tests?

Answer 1

From the Babel Options documentation:

Note: env[envKey] options will be merged on top of the options specified in the root object.

So you can apply modules: "auto" during testing by redeclaring the plugin in the env.test object:

{
  "presets": [
    [
      "@babel/preset-env",
      {
        "modules": false
      },
      "jest"
    ]
  ],
  "plugins": [
    "@babel/plugin-syntax-dynamic-import"
  ],
  "env": {
    "test": {
      "presets": [
        [
          "@babel/preset-env",
          {
            "modules": "auto"
          },
          "jest"
        ]
      ],
      "plugins": [
        "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime"
      ]
    }
  }
}