struggling with integers (maximum integer size)

Question

I was using a function that requires input as integers.

So I have been trying to read up on making things integers:

y <- 3.14 as.integer(y) [1] 3              # all cool 

All good, but if I have

 x <- 1639195531833  as.integer(x)  [1] NA  Warning message:  NAs introduced by coercion  

I had options(digits = 15) on and it confused my why it wasn't working but in a clean session it must be to do with the scientific notation.

I also tried to trick R but it was not happy:

  as.integer(as.character(x)) [1] 2147483647 Warning message: inaccurate integer conversion in coercion  

How do I defeat scientific notation and get my integers?

Answer 1

The largest integer R can hold is

.Machine$integer.max # [1] 2147483647 

This has nothing to do with scientific notation and everything to do with how the computer actually stores the numbers. The current version of R stores integers still as 32bit, regardless of the architecture. This might change in the future though.

see also ?as.integer

Currently you can get access to 64 bit integers through the int64 package

> as.integer(.Machine$integer.max) [1] 2147483647 > # We get problems with this > as.integer(.Machine$integer.max + 1) [1] NA Warning message: NAs introduced by coercion  > # But if we use int64 > library(int64) > as.int64(.Machine$integer.max) + 1L [1] 2147483648 

Answer 2

Update to Dason's answer (don't have enough reputation to make a comment):

The int64 package has now been deprecated, however there is now a package called bit64. I was able to achieve the same result using it. The syntax changed only slightly from "as.int64" to "as.integer64".

I.e.

library(bit64) as.integer64(.Machine$integer.max) + 1L