ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)

Question

I am trying to use the betbrain.py from Github (https://github.com/gto76/betbrain-scraper) that has the following code:

#!/usr/bin/python3 # # Usage: betbrain.py [URL or FILE] [OUTPUT-FILE] # Scrapes odds from passed betbrain page and writes them to # stdout, or file if specified.  import os import sys import urllib.request   from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from http.cookiejar import CookieJar  import parser_betbrain import printer  DEFAULT_URL = 'https://www.betbrain.com/football/england/premier-league/#!/matches/'   # If no arguments are present, it parses the default page. # Argument can be an URL or a local file. def main():   html = getHtml(sys.argv)   soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")   matches = parser_betbrain.getMatches(soup)   string = printer.matchesToString(matches)   output(string, sys.argv)  def getHtml(argv):   if len(argv) <= 1:     return scrape(DEFAULT_URL)   elif argv[1].startswith("http"):     return scrape(argv[1])   else:     return readFile(argv[1])  # Returns html file located at URL. def scrape(url):   cj = CookieJar()   opener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))   try:     return opener.open(url)   except ValueError:     error("Invalid URL: " + url)  def readFile(path):   try:     return open(path, encoding='utf8')   except IOError:     error("Invalid input filename: " + path)  def output(string, argv):   if len(argv) <= 2:     print(string)   else:     writeFile(argv[2], string)  def writeFile(path, string):   try:       fo = open(path, "w", encoding='utf8')     fo.write(string);     fo.close()   except IOError:     error("Invalid output filename: " + path)  def error(msg):   msg = os.path.basename(__file__)+": "+msg   print(msg, file=sys.stderr)   sys.exit(1)  if __name__ == '__main__':   main() 

However when run it comes back with this error

Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1318, in do_open     encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1239, in request     self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1285, in _send_request     self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1234, in endheaders     self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1026, in _send_output     self.send(msg)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 964, in send     self.connect()   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1400, in connect     server_hostname=server_hostname)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 401, in wrap_socket     _context=self, _session=session)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 808, in __init__     self.do_handshake()   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1061, in do_handshake     self._sslobj.do_handshake()   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 683, in do_handshake     self._sslobj.do_handshake() ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)  During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/Users/Daniel/Desktop/betbrain-scraper-master 2/betbrain.py", line 71, in <module>     main()   File "/Users/Daniel/Desktop/betbrain-scraper-master 2/betbrain.py", line 22, in main     html = getHtml(sys.argv)   File "/Users/Daniel/Desktop/betbrain-scraper-master 2/betbrain.py", line 30, in getHtml     return scrape(DEFAULT_URL)   File "/Users/Daniel/Desktop/betbrain-scraper-master 2/betbrain.py", line 41, in scrape     return opener.open(url)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 526, in open     response = self._open(req, data)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 544, in _open     '_open', req)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 504, in _call_chain     result = func(*args)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1361, in https_open     context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1320, in do_open     raise URLError(err) urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)> 

How can I fix this problem? I am running Python 3.6.0 on MacOS 10.12.1

Answer 1

I ran this on MacOS /Applications/Python\ 3.6/Install\ Certificates.command

Answer 2

Open a terminal and take a look at:

/Applications/Python 3.6/Install Certificates.command 

Python 3.6 on MacOS uses an embedded version of OpenSSL, which does not use the system certificate store. More details here.

(To be explicit: MacOS users can probably resolve by opening Finder and double clicking Install Certificates.command)