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What is the difference between sql server ports 445 and 1433 and what is each port intended for?
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The SQL Server connection to a server configured for accepting Named Pipes and TCP/IP connections is using RPC (port 445) instead of port 1433, by TCP/IP.
Port 445 is a traditional Microsoft networking port with tie-ins to the original NetBIOS service found in earlier versions of Windows OSes. Today, port 445 is used by Microsoft Directory Services for Active Directory (AD) and for the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol over TCP/IP.
Port 1433 for TCP is needed to connect to the SQL database instance. By default, SQL will attempt to use 1433. If that port is unavailable, it will automatically choose another port.
Inbound traffic on TCP Port 1433 needs to be allowed on the SQL server. Connect to your SQL server.
445 is not a SQL port, is a SMB port. It is involved in SQL Server only if you use named pipes protocol, as named pipes are over SMB and this in turn uses 445 for 'SMB over IP', aka. as SMB 'NETBIOSless' as opposed to the old NetBIOS based SMB, which uses 137-139.
1433 is the SQL Server TCP listener port when SQL Server uses directly TCP.
To configure the server to listen on specific protocols, use SQL Server configuration Manager. To configure the client allowed protocols, see Configuring Client Network Protocols.
It is better to disable Net Pipes and rely solely on TCP (1433), for reasons of performance and easy of deployment/configuration.
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