splitting one query into four to avoid massive joins?

Question

So i have a query that looks like this:

SELECT col1, col2, col3 ...
FROM action_6_members m
LEFT JOIN action_6_5pts f ON f.member_id = m.id
LEFT JOIN action_6_10pts t ON t.member_id = m.id
LEFT JOIN action_6_weekly w ON w.member_id = m.id
WHERE `draw_id` = '1' ORDER BY m.id DESC LIMIT 0, 20;

now this is doing a massive join (3.5 million * 40 thousand * 20 thousand)

so my idea was to:

do SELECT * FROM action_6_members WHEREdraw_id= '1' ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 0, 20;

then loop over that using php to build $in = "IN(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20)";

then run
select * from action_6_5pts where member_id in $in
select * from action_6_10pts where member_id in $in
select * from action_6_weekly where member_id in $in

then smush them all together using php,

this means that, although i am using four different queries i am only selecting 20 rows from each, instead of doing the join on all.

Will i notice a significant performance bonus?

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Update
So, the general consensus is, 'DONT DO THAT!'

here is the general overview of the app

it receives a code,

the code is either a 5pt, 10pt, or a weekly code,

all three code types are in seperate tables. the three tables have code, and member_id

the member_id links to the id in the action_6_members table.

when a code is claimed the data is filled in in the action_6_members table.

the id of that member is then filled in in the table for the code that was claimed.

the above query selects the first twenty members.

So my question is then.

What can I do to improve this?

as currently everything is timing out before the queries complete.

action_6_members

CREATE TABLE `action_6_members` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `draw_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `mobile` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `fly_buys` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `signup_date` datetime NOT NULL,
  `club` int(11) NOT NULL default '0' COMMENT '1 = yes, 2 = no',
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=1337 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

action_6_ 5 and 10pts

CREATE TABLE `action_6_5pts` (
  `code` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `member_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`code`),
  KEY `member_id` (`member_id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

action_6_weekly

CREATE TABLE `action_6_weekly` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `code` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `member_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `id` (`id`),
  KEY `member_id` (`member_id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=3250001 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

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Update 2: explain the query

id select_type table type possible_keys key       key_len ref  rows   Extra  
1  SIMPLE      m     ALL  \N            \N        \N      \N   1390   Using temporary; Using filesort  
1  SIMPLE      f     ALL  member_id     \N      \N      \N   36000  
1  SIMPLE      t     ALL  member_id     \N      \N      \N   18000  Using where  
1  SIMPLE      w     ref  member_id     member_id 4    m.id 525820 Using where  

Just had this through: Latest load data from DB 7.26, 4.60, 2.45

1.0 is the normal max load...Anything above means it's had to 'burst' and call on additional processes to handle. i.e. 7.26 means load is 7 x the max of the blade server and has had to call on others to help out

so currently this query is more than a monster, its eating monsters as snacks...

Answer 1

As a general rule, if your SQL query can fully model what you want to do, then it is likely to be faster than splitting it up into pieces glued together in PHP (or any other language), within certain bounds.

Those bounds are:

1. There must not be strange pathological behavior hiding in MySQL for this case.
2. You must have reasonable indexes on all the necessary columns.
3. There is no (or no likely) case which you can only reasonably detect/handle in PHP in which you would want to abort the query mid-way through.
4. Your result set is not pathologically huge (e.g. it fits in memory and doesn't exceed the size of max_allowed_packet in my.cnf).

Now, this doesn't address whether your SQL (or proposed alternative implementation in PHP) is optimal for what you're doing, but that can only be addressed given more information about what your app does and the end point you're actually trying to reach. It might be fine, it might not.

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In a quick glance at your update with the table structure, nothing jumps out at me as the likely cause of a large performance problem, but:

• Don't use MyISAM unless you've established you need it. InnoDB is your friend, especially if the tables have a decent amount of write traffic. MyISAM's full-table locks can really bite you. Having FOREIGN KEYS for referential integrity would also be nice.
• action_6_weekly has id as the PRIMARY KEY, and a UNIQUE KEY on... id. This is redundant. PRIMARY KEY is effectively a superset of UNIQUE KEY, you don't need to create a separate UNIQUE KEY.
• The output of EXPLAIN on your query would be interesting.

Answer 2

Multiple trips, back & forth, between the application and the database? No, that won't provide a performance bonus compared to a single query.