I have a use case where a Singleton object has an asynchronous step as part of its initialization. Other public methods of this singleton depend on an instance variable that the initialization step sets up. How would I go about making an async call synchronous?
var mySingleton = (function () {
  var instance;
  function init() {
    // Private methods and variables
    function privateMethod(){
      console.log( "I am private" );
    }
    var privateAsync = (function(){
      // async call which returns an object
    })();
    return {
      // Public methods and variables
      publicMethod: function () {
        console.log( "The public can see me!" );
      },
      publicProperty: "I am also public",
      getPrivateValue: function() {
        return privateAsync;
      }
    };
  };
  return {
    // Get the Singleton instance if one exists
    // or create one if it doesn't
    getInstance: function () {
      if ( !instance ) {
        instance = init();
      }
      return instance;
    }
  };
})();
var foo = mySingleton.getInstance().getPrivateValue();
                If you really want to use an IIFE to create a somewhat singleton-like approach, you still have to use promises or callbacks with async calls, and work with them, not try to convert asynchronous to synchronous
Something like
var mySingleton = (function() {
  var instance;
  function init() {
    // Private methods and variables
    function privateMethod() {
      console.log("I am private");
    }
    var privateAsync = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
          // async call which returns an object
        // resolve or reject based on result of async call here
    });
    return {
      // Public methods and variables
      publicMethod: function() {
        console.log("The public can see me!");
      },
      publicProperty: "I am also public",
      getPrivateValue: function() {
        return privateAsync;
      }
    };
  };
  return {
    // Get the Singleton instance if one exists
    // or create one if it doesn't
    getInstance: function() {
      if (!instance) {
        instance = init();
      }
      return instance;
    }
  };
})();
var foo = mySingleton.getInstance().getPrivateValue().then(function(result) {
   // woohoo
}).catch(function(err) {
    // epic fail
})
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