run instrumentation test using Espresso: Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation

Question

I am testing the system app Contacts on platform Kitkat using the google-espresso. My test project located in #android-dir#/cts/tests/tests/contactTest.

Here is the .mk:

LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)

include $(CLEAR_VARS)

# don't include this package in any target
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
# and when built explicitly put it in the data partition
LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_DATA_APPS)

LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := android.test.runner

LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES += librarycontacts

LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := shared

LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-java-files-under, src)

LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := contactsTest

LOCAL_INSTRUMENTATION_FOR := Contacts

include $(BUILD_CTS_PACKAGE)

##################################################
include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_PREBUILT_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES += librarycontacts:libs/espresso-1.0-SNAPSHOT-bundled.jar

include $(BUILD_MULTI_PREBUILT)

Here is the Manifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.android.contacts.test"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="7"
        android:targetSdkVersion="19" />

    <instrumentation
        android:name="com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner"
        android:targetPackage="com.android.contacts" />

    <application>
        <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
    </application>

</manifest>

Here is the commands:

> $ mmm cts/tests/tests/contactsTest/
> $ adb install -r out/target/product/generic/data/app/contactsTest.apk
> $ adb shell am instrument -w -r com.android.contacts.test/com.google.android.apps.common.testing.testrunner.GoogleInstrumentationTestRunner

then I got this error:

INSTRUMENTATION_RESULT: longMsg=java.lang.IllegalAccessError: Class ref in pre-verified class resolved to unexpected implementation

It's all OK when I compiling and running it with eclipse. and it just fails here, I've tried both espresso-dependencies and espresso-standalone following the guideline, all do not work.

This problem really messed me up. I'm new to here,any reply appreciated. thanks.

Answer 1

I ran into this issue with Espresso 2 and eventually found the dependency issue was with the support library. I added the following configurations to the top level of build.gradle to resolve the issue.

configurations {
    androidTestCompile.exclude group: 'com.android.support'
    androidTestCompile.exclude module: 'support-v4'
}

dependencies {
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:21.+'
    // more dependencies

    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.0'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.0'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1'
}

Answer 2

I tried to exclude Guava and it did not work. It's not a "nice" solution but it works:

adb shell setprop dalvik.vm.dexopt-flags v=n,o=v
adb shell stop installd
adb shell start installd

Execute them on a terminal prior to run the tests.

Answer 3

I got this error because I was working with Guava and Espresso also contains Guava.

If you use Gradle and Android Studio you can exclude packages from the dependency like this:

androidTestCompile('com.jakewharton.espresso:espresso:1.1-r3') {
   exclude group: 'com.google.guava'
}