Return all class variable values from a Python Class

Question

I have a Python class that contains all the AWS regions. I wrote a class method that would return me the list of all the regions. Is there a better way of returning all the class variable values so I don't have to hard-code all the values in the return statement like I am doing in the example below?

class AwsRegion():
    '''
    Class to define AWS Regions
    '''
    OHIO = 'us-east-2'
    NORTH_VIRGINIA = 'us-east-1'
    NORTH_CALIFORNIA = 'us-west-1'
    OREGON = 'us-west-2'
    MUMBAI = 'ap-south-1'
    SEOUL = 'ap-northeast-2'
    SINGAPORE = 'ap-southeast-1'
    SYDNEY = 'ap-southeast-2'
    TOKYO = 'ap-northeast-1'
    FRANKFURT = 'eu-central-1'
    IRELAND = 'eu-west-1'
    LONDON = 'eu-west-2'
    SAO_PAULO = 'sa-east-1'

    @classmethod
    def all(cls, ):
        return [AwsRegion.OHIO, AwsRegion.NORTH_VIRGINIA, AwsRegion.NORTH_CALIFORNIA, AwsRegion.OREGON, \
            AwsRegion.MUMBAI, AwsRegion.SEOUL, AwsRegion.SINGAPORE, AwsRegion.SYDNEY, AwsRegion.TOKYO, \
            AwsRegion.FRANKFURT, AwsRegion.IRELAND, AwsRegion.LONDON, AwsRegion.SAO_PAULO]

Answer 1

As a general reference, you can get the attributes of any class through the following ways.
Choose depending on your needs:

__dict__:

Will return a dict of all writeable class attributes. This is usually what you need.

my_obj = MyClass()
attributes = my_obj.__dict__

vars():

Same result as __dict__, but using this instead is considered best practice.

my_obj = MyClass()
attributes = vars(my_obj)

dir():

Will return all class attributes, including those that aren't made by you but are inherited from object.

my_obj = MyClass()
attributes = dir(my_obj)

In your case, using vars() will work just fine, as demonstrated by Martijn Pieters in his answer.

Answer 2

In this case, you can enumerate all the attributes of the class that are uppercase; I'd use the vars() function to access the class namespace:

@classmethod
def all(cls):
    return [value for name, value in vars(cls).items() if name.isupper()]

Demo:

>>> class AwsRegion():
...     '''
...     Class to define AWS Regions
...     '''
...     OHIO = 'us-east-2'
...     NORTH_VIRGINIA = 'us-east-1'
...     NORTH_CALIFORNIA = 'us-west-1'
...     OREGON = 'us-west-2'
...     MUMBAI = 'ap-south-1'
...     SEOUL = 'ap-northeast-2'
...     SINGAPORE = 'ap-southeast-1'
...     SYDNEY = 'ap-southeast-2'
...     TOKYO = 'ap-northeast-1'
...     FRANKFURT = 'eu-central-1'
...     IRELAND = 'eu-west-1'
...     LONDON = 'eu-west-2'
...     SAO_PAULO = 'sa-east-1'
...     @classmethod
...     def all(cls):
...         return [value for name, value in vars(cls).items() if name.isupper()]
...
>>> AwsRegion.all()
['us-east-2', 'us-east-1', 'us-west-1', 'us-west-2', 'ap-south-1', 'ap-northeast-2', 'ap-southeast-1', 'ap-southeast-2', 'ap-northeast-1', 'eu-central-1', 'eu-west-1', 'eu-west-2', 'sa-east-1']