Rescale a numpy array

Question

I have a 2D numpy array that represents a monochrome image from a CCD that has been binned 3x3 (that is, each value in the array represents 9 pixels (3x3) on the physical CCD).

I want to rescale it to match the original CCD layout (so I can easily overlay it with a non-binned image from the same CCD).

I saw Resampling a numpy array representing an image, but that doesn't seem to do what I want.

Suppose I have an array g:

import numpy as np
import scipy.ndimage

 g = np.array([[0, 1, 2],
               [3, 4, 5],
               [6, 7, 8]])

When I try to scale it by a factor of 2:

o = scipy.ndimage.zoom(g, 2, order=0)

I get exactly what I expect - each value is now 2x2 identical values:

array([[0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2],
       [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2],
       [3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5],
       [3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5],
       [6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8],
       [6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8]])

But when I try to scale by a factor of 3, I get this:

o = scipy.ndimage.zoom(g, 3, order=0)

Gives me:

array([[0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2],
       [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2],
       [3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5],
       [3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5],
       [3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5],
       [3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5],
       [6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8],
       [6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8],
       [6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8]])

I wanted each value in the original array to become a set of 3x3 values...that's not what I get.

How can I do it? (And why do I get this unintuitive result?)

Answer 1

You can use np.kron:

In [16]: g
Out[16]: 
array([[0, 1, 2],
       [3, 4, 5],
       [6, 7, 8]])

In [17]: np.kron(g, np.ones((3,3), dtype=int))
Out[17]: 
array([[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2],
       [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2],
       [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2],
       [3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5],
       [3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5],
       [3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5],
       [6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8],
       [6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8],
       [6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8]])

The output of zoom(g, 3, order=0) is a bit surprising. Consider the first row: [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2]. Why are there four 1s?

When order=0 zoom (in effect) computes np.linspace(0, 2, 9), which looks like

In [80]: np.linspace(0, 2, 9)
Out[80]: array([ 0.  ,  0.25,  0.5 ,  0.75,  1.  ,  1.25,  1.5 ,  1.75,  2.  ])

and then rounds the values. If you use np.round(), you get:

In [71]: np.round(np.linspace(0, 2, 9)).astype(int)
Out[71]: array([0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2])

Note that np.round(0.5) gives 0, but np.round(1.5) gives 2. np.round() uses the "round half to even" tie-breaking rule. Apparently the rounding done in the zoom code uses the "round half down" rule: it rounds 0.5 to 0 and 1.5 to 1, as in the following

In [81]: [int(round(x)) for x in np.linspace(0, 2, 9)]
Out[81]: [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2]

and that's why there are four 1s in there.