"ReferenceError: document is not defined" when trying to test a create-react-app project

Question

This is my __tests__/App.js file:

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import App from '../src/containers/App';

it('renders without crashing', () => {
  const div = document.createElement('div');
  ReactDOM.render(<App />, div);
});

// sanity check
it('one is one', () => {
  expect(1).toEqual(1)
});

And this is the output I get when running yarn test:

FAIL  __tests__/App.js
  ● renders without crashing

    ReferenceError: document is not defined

      at Object.<anonymous>.it (__tests__/App.js:6:15)

  ✕ renders without crashing (1ms)
  ✓ one is one

Test Suites: 1 failed, 1 total
Tests:       1 failed, 1 passed, 2 total
Snapshots:   0 total
Time:        0.128s, estimated 1s
Ran all test suites related to changed files.

Do I need to import another module in order for document to be available here?

Thanks for the help!

Answer 1

For me either of these worked

In package.json file adding test script env flag

"scripts": {
   "test": "react-scripts test --env=jsdom"
}

Using enzyme

 import { shallow } from 'enzyme';

 it('renders without crashing', () => {
  shallow(<App />);
 });

Answer 2

Placing the comment at the top of your unit-test source

/**
 * @jest-environment jsdom
 */

signals jest to mock document and window.

Answer 3

I set the value in jest.config.js to below and it worked:

testEnvironment: 'jsdom'