I'm sending a POST request in a Rails functional test like this:
post :create, collection: { name: 'New Collection' }
collection
gets sent as JSON-encoded form data, as expected.
What I can't figure out is how to add a query to the URL. The documentation says that I can access the request object and modify it before it gets sent. So I tried this:
@request.GET[:api_key] = 'my key'
post :create, collection: { name: 'New Collection' }
But, :api_key
never appears in the request.GET
hash on the server. (It does when I send it though another HTTP client, though.)
Your answer In a GET request, the parameters are sent as part of the URL. In a POST request, the parameters are sent as a body of the request, after the headers. To do a POST with HttpURLConnection, you need to write the parameters to the connection after you have opened the connection.
POST should not have query param. You can implement the service to honor the query param, but this is against REST spec. "Why do you pass it in a query param?" Because, like for GET requests, the query parameters are used to refer to an existing resource.
Post uses the message body to send the information back to the server, as opposed to Get, which uses the query string (everything after the question mark). It is possible to send both a Get query string and a Post message body in the same request, but that can get a bit confusing so is best avoided.
A little background first to clarify things: although a request cannot be both GET and POST at the same time, there is nothing stopping you from using both the query string and body form data when using POST. You can even have a POST with all parameters in the query string and an empty body, though this sounds quite unusual.
Rails supports this scenario and indeed you can easily send a form using a POST request and still have query in the form's action. The query will be accessible with request.GET
hash (which is an alias of query_string
), while the POST body params with the request.POST
hash (an alias of request_parameters
). The params
hash is actually constructed from the combined GET
and POST
hashes.
However, from my research it seems that Rails does not support passing query string in POST requests in functional controller tests. Although I could not find anything regarding this in any documentation or among known issues on github, the source code is quite clear. In the following text, I'm assuming that you use Rails 4.
The problem with functional controller tests is that they don't use real requests / responses but they simulate the HTTP handshake: the request is mocked up, its parameters filled in appropriate places and the given controller action is simply called as a normal ruby method. All of this is done in the action_controller/test_case
classes.
As it turns out, this simulation is not working in your particular case, due to two reasons:
The parameters passed in when running the test are always handed over either to the request_parameters
, i.e. the request.POST
hash when using a post
request or to the query_string
(i.e. request.GET
) for get
test requests. There is no way for both of these hashes to be set during a single test run.
This actually makes some sense as the get
, post
, etc. helpers in functional tests accept only a single hash of params so the internal test code cannot know how to separate them into the two hashes.
It is true that one can set up the request before running the test using the @request
variable, but only to a certain extent, you can set headers, for example. But you cannot set internal attributes of the request, because they are recycled during the test run. The recycling is done here and it resets all internal variables of the request object and the underlying rack request object. So if you try to set up the request GET parameters like this @request.GET[:api_key] = 'my key'
, it won't have any effect as the internal variables representing this hash will get wiped during recycling.
Give up functional testing and choose integration tests instead. Integration tests allow to set the rack environment variables separately from the main parameters. The following integration test passes the QUERY_STRING
rack env variable besides the normal post body params and should work flawlessly:
class CollectionsTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
test 'foo' do
post collections_path, { collection: { name: 'New Collection' } },
{ "QUERY_STRING" => "api_key=my_api_key" }
# this proves that the parameters are recognized separately in the controller
# (you can test this in you controller as well as here in the test):
puts request.POST.inspect
# => {"collection"=>{"name"=>"New Collection"}}
puts request.GET.inspect
# => {"api_key"=>"my_api_key"}
end
end
You can still use most of the features from functional tests in your integration tests. E.g. you can test for assigned instance variables in the controller with the assigns
hash.
The transition argument is supported also by the fact that Rails 5 will deprecate functional controller tests in favor of integration testing and since Rails 5.1 these functional tests support will be moved out to a separate gem.
Try Rails 5: although functional tests will be deprecated, its source code seems to have been heavily rewritten in the rails master and e.g. recycling of the request is not used any more. So you might give it a try and try to set the internal variables of the request during test setup. I have not tested it though.
Of course, you can always try to monkey-patch the functional test so that it supports separate params for the query_string
and request_parameters
hashes to be defined in tests.
I'd go the integration tests route :).
I assume that the controller is named CollectionsController
, and its route to create
action is /collections
(if not, you just have to adapt the example bellow)
And I also assume you are in a request spec
This should work:
post '/collections?api_key=my_key', collection: { name: 'New Collection' }
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