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A queue is a simple data structure where the insertion and deletion of elements take place from the one end, whereas Deque is a hybrid data structure serving the purpose of both the stack and queue and insertion and deletion of elements can take place from both the ends according to the requirements of the user.
Deque or Double Ended Queue is a generalized version of Queue data structure that allows insert and delete at both ends. Operations on Deque: Mainly the following four basic operations are performed on queue: insertFront(): Adds an item at the front of Deque.
Advantages of Deque:You are able to add and remove items from the both front and back of the queue. Deques are faster in adding and removing the elements to the end or beginning. The clockwise and anti-clockwise rotation operations are faster in a deque.
A priority queue is a special kind of queue in which each item has a predefined priority of service. In this queue, the enqueue operation takes place at the rear in the order of arrival of the items, while the dequeue operation takes place at the front based on the priority of the items.
Deque is short for "double ended queue". With an ordinary queue, you add things to one end and take them from the other. With a double ended queue, you can add things to either end, and take them from either end. That makes it a bit more versatile; for example, you could use it as a stack if you wanted to.
In terms of efficiency, it really depends on the implementation. But generally speaking, you wouldn't expect a deque to outperform a queue, because a (single ended) queue could be implemented in a way that doesn't allow objects to be added or removed at the "wrong" end. Whereas any implementation of a deque would also work as an implementation of a queue.
Deque and queue are abstract data types that can be implemented in different ways. To talk about performance you have to specify which implementations you want to compare and which operation(s) you're interested in. Even better, do the benchmark yourself with the workload your application has and in the environment you're going to use (hardware, operating system, JVM version).
Since every deque is also a queue, in general you can say that deques can be at most as good as a queues.
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