Quad trees pertaining to 2d collision

Question

I've been studying this:

https://github.com/mikechambers/ExamplesByMesh/blob/master/JavaScript/QuadTree/src/QuadTree.js

and I believe I understand the general idea about quad trees, although I do have two questions about how they work, and the implementation above:

1. Wouldnt you have to rebuild the entire tree every several ms? In Javascript wouldnt this be extremely slow to do?

2. If I have something like this: http://davzy.com/screenshots/skitched-20120318-180324.png, then its easy enough to find the other dots in the same quad but I have a rectangle that hits 3 different quads, is there a way I can make it display as a child of all 3 of those quads?

3. On 144 of the above example it says this Node.prototype._classConstructor = Node;, I'm just curious what's going on. I thought prototype was a way to define a function or variable for future use within a class, so I'm not sure what this line does.

Answer 1

1. Wouldnt you have to rebuild the entire tree every several ms? In Javascript wouldnt this be extremely slow to do?

I suppose that depends on what you're using it for; but yes, the author's collision-detection example in his blog post about his QuadTree implementation will clear the tree and repopulate it roughly 24 times per second (so, about once per 40 ms). You can judge for yourself whether that's "extremely slow"; on my machine it looks quite smooth. (And even if not, I would expect the rebuilding of the QuadTree to actually be cheaper/faster than the redrawing of all of the circles on the canvas.)

2. […] I have a rectangle that hits 3 different quads, is there a way I can make it display as a child of all 3 of those quads?

I'm not sure what you mean by "display", but: if you call the constructor with the pointQuad parameter set to false, then items are two-dimensional (i.e., they have width and height in addition to x and y), and every item will be a child of the smallest quad that it fits completely inside. In your example, since the rectangle crosses the vertical midline of the canvas, it will be a direct child of the root quad.

3. On 144 of the above example it says this Node.prototype._classConstructor = Node;, I'm just curious what's going on. […]

The Node "class" has a "subclass" named BoundsNode (used when the items are two-dimensional), and BoundsNode.prototype._classConstructor is set to BoundsNode (which overrides the inherited Node.prototype._classConstructor). This allows Node's subdivide method to write new this._classConstructor(...) in order to construct a new BoundsNode if this is a BoundsNode, and a new plain Node if this is a plain Node.