Python .join or string concatenation

Question

I realise that if you have an iterable you should always use .join(iterable) instead of for x in y: str += x. But if there's only a fixed number of variables that aren't already in an iterable, is using .join() still the recommended way?

For example I have

user = 'username' host = 'host' 

should I do

ret = user + '@' + host 

or

ret = '@'.join([user, host]) 

I'm not so much asking from a performance point of view, since both will be pretty trivial. But I've read people on here say always use .join() and I was wondering if there's any particular reason for that or if it's just generally a good idea to use .join().

Answer 1

If you're creating a string like that, you normally want to use string formatting:

>>> user = 'username' >>> host = 'host' >>> '%s@%s' % (user, host) 'username@host' 

Python 2.6 added another form, which doesn't rely on operator overloading and has some extra features:

>>> '{0}@{1}'.format(user, host) 'username@host' 

As a general guideline, most people will use + on strings only if they're adding two strings right there. For more parts or more complex strings, they either use string formatting, like above, or assemble elements in a list and join them together (especially if there's any form of looping involved.) The reason for using str.join() is that adding strings together means creating a new string (and potentially destroying the old ones) for each addition. Python can sometimes optimize this away, but str.join() quickly becomes clearer, more obvious and significantly faster.