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I am trying to use the Android Renderscript support library on devices of API 16 and up, following the steps described here. So far things have not gone smoothly.
My Renderscript code is listed below.
#pragma version(1)
#pragma rs java_package_name(com.xxx.renderscript.test)
#include "rs_time.rsh"
rs_script flipScript;
rs_allocation gIn;
rs_allocation gOut;
int width;
int height;
int direction = 0;
void root(uchar4 *v_out, const void *usrData, uint32_t x, uint32_t y) {
if(direction == 0) { // flip horizontally
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, width - x, y);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
else if(direction == 1) { // flip vertically
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, x, height - y);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
else if(direction == 2) { // rotate left
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, width - y, x);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
else if(direction == 3) { // rotate right
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, y, height - x);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
}
void flip(int testIdx) {
int64_t t0, t1;
int64_t t;
t0 = rsUptimeNanos();
rsForEach(flipScript, gIn, gOut);
t1 = rsUptimeNanos();
t = t1 - t0;
rsDebug(" flip: timer on RS side: ", t);
}
First I upgraded my Android SDK tools to 22.3, and my SDK platform tools to 19. If I click ADT/Help/About ADT/Installation Details, I see that all components have been upgraded to 22.3.0, except the Developer Tools, which is still 21.0.1:
Android DDMS 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.ddms.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Developer Tools 21.0.1.201212060302 com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.package.product null
Android Development Tools 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Hierarchy Viewer 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.hierarchyviewer.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Native Development Tools 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.ndk.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Traceview 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.traceview.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Tracer for OpenGL ES 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.gldebugger.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Then I edited my "project.properties" file as suggested in the aforementioned steps. I also made changes to incorporate Tim Murray's comments.
proguard.config=C:/android/adt-bundle-windows-x86_64/sdk/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt:proguard-project.txt
# Project target.
target=android-18
renderscript.target=18
renderscript.support.mode=true
#sdk.buildtools=19.0.0
In my Java code, I made sure that the packages from the support library are imported. Listed below is the complete Java file:
package com.xxx.renderscript.test;
import android.support.v8.renderscript.*;
//import android.renderscript.RenderScript;
//import android.renderscript.Allocation;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class RenderScriptTestActivity extends Activity {
private final String mLog = this.getClass().getName();
private static final int TESTS_PER_GROUP = 12;
private Bitmap mBitmapIn;
private Bitmap mBitmapOut;
private ImageView mDisplayView;
private RenderScript mRS = null;
private ScriptC_flip mScriptFlip = null;
private Allocation mInPixelsAllocation = null;
private Allocation mOutPixelsAllocation = null;
//use aSyncTask so we display the image while rendering it.
private ImageRenderTask mImageRenderTask = null;
private boolean isRsBenchDone = false;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.i(mLog, "onCreate() ");
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.layout_rs);
mBitmapIn = loadBitmap(R.drawable.city);
mBitmapOut = loadBitmap(R.drawable.city);
mDisplayView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.rs_display);
mDisplayView.setImageBitmap(mBitmapOut);
// RS instances
mRS = RenderScript.create(this);
mScriptFlip = new ScriptC_flip(mRS, getResources(), R.raw.flip);
mInPixelsAllocation = Allocation.createFromBitmap(mRS, mBitmapIn,
Allocation.MipmapControl.MIPMAP_NONE,
Allocation.USAGE_SCRIPT);
mOutPixelsAllocation = Allocation.createFromBitmap(mRS, mBitmapOut,
Allocation.MipmapControl.MIPMAP_NONE,
Allocation.USAGE_SCRIPT);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
Log.i(mLog, "onResume ");
super.onResume();
// for thread & display control
isRsBenchDone = true;
}
// initialize flip.rs
private void setupRS() {
Log.i(mLog, "Initializing flip.rs...");
mScriptFlip.set_flipScript(mScriptFlip);
mScriptFlip.set_width(mBitmapIn.getWidth());
mScriptFlip.set_height(mBitmapIn.getHeight());
mScriptFlip.set_gIn(mInPixelsAllocation);
mScriptFlip.set_gOut(mOutPixelsAllocation);
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
Log.i(mLog, "onStop ");
super.onStop();
}
private void resetRS() {
mBitmapIn = null;
mBitmapOut = null;
mRS = null;
mScriptFlip = null;
mInPixelsAllocation = null;
mOutPixelsAllocation = null;
}
private Bitmap loadBitmap(int resource) {
final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
Bitmap b_temp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), resource, options);
int w = b_temp.getWidth();
int h = b_temp.getHeight();
Config cfg = b_temp.getConfig();
Bitmap b_keep = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, cfg);
Canvas c = new Canvas(b_keep);
c.drawBitmap(b_temp, 0, 0, null);
b_temp.recycle();
if (true) {
Log.d(mLog, "loadBitmap(): width = " + w + " loadBitmap(): height = " + h);
}
return b_keep;
}
// press the button to invoke this function
public void benchmark(View v) {
if (false == isRsBenchDone) { //do nothing if it's not done yet
return;
}
if (mImageRenderTask != null) {
if (mImageRenderTask.getStatus() == AsyncTask.Status.RUNNING) {
return;
}
if (mImageRenderTask.getStatus() == AsyncTask.Status.PENDING) {
mImageRenderTask.execute();
return;
}
}
// instantiate AsyncTask if not already existed & running
Log.i(mLog, "User pressed Start");
SystemClock.sleep(2000);
isRsBenchDone = false;
setupRS();
mImageRenderTask = new ImageRenderTask();
mImageRenderTask.execute();
}
// user presses this button when the test is done and all results have been
// recorded.
public void pressedRsExit(View view) {
Log.i(mLog, "User pressed Exit");
if (isRsBenchDone) { // only exit when we are finished
resetRS();
RenderScriptTestActivity.this.finish();
}
}
/**************************************************************************
**
* Since the display must be updated in the main UI thread, and the main
* UI thread cannot be put to sleep, we have to use an AsyncTask to update
* the display after the image is rendered, and then sleep some time
* so that the tester can view the images being displayed.
**
**************************************************************************/
private class ImageRenderTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Drawable, Void> {
// runs in the UI (main) thread in correspondence to the AsyncTask
// updating the drawable.
protected void onProgressUpdate(Drawable... values) {
Log.i(mLog, "onProgressUpdate...");
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
Drawable draw_tmp = values[0];
mDisplayView.setImageDrawable(draw_tmp);
mDisplayView.invalidate();
}
// runs on the UI (main) thread after the AsyncTask is finished
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
// reset the flag to exit
isRsBenchDone = true;
}
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
int group_id;
int flip_way;
//------------------------------------------------------------
// group 4: flip horizontally
//------------------------------------------------------------
flip_way = 0;
mScriptFlip.set_direction(flip_way);
Log.i(mLog, "starting horizontal flipping ... ... ... ...");
// measure group 4
group_id = 4; // used as a switch for render script
measureRS(group_id);
Log.i(mLog, " horizontal done");
// sleep cannot happen in the main UI thread
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
updateDisplay();
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
//------------------------------------------------------------
// group 5: flip vertically
//------------------------------------------------------------
mScriptFlip.set_gIn(mInPixelsAllocation);
flip_way = 1;
mScriptFlip.set_direction(flip_way);
Log.i(mLog, "starting vertical flipping ... ... ... ...");
// measure group 5
group_id = 5; // used as a switch for render script
measureRS(group_id);
Log.i(mLog, " vertical done");
// sleep cannot happen in the main UI thread
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
updateDisplay();
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
return null;
}
// run and measure Render Script instances
private void measureRS(int group_id) {
if ((0==group_id) || (1 == group_id) || (2 == group_id)) {
//other stuff
}
if (3 == group_id) {
//other stuff
}
if ((4==group_id) || (5 == group_id)) {
for (int i = 0; i < TESTS_PER_GROUP; i++) {
mScriptFlip.invoke_flip(i);
}
}
}
// update the displayed image
private void updateDisplay() {
Log.i(mLog, "updateDisplay...");
//mOutPixelsAllocation.copyTo(mBitmapIn); // this to verify the display.
mOutPixelsAllocation.copyTo(mBitmapOut);
Bitmap b_temp = Bitmap.createBitmap(mBitmapOut.getWidth(), mBitmapOut.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas c_temp = new Canvas(b_temp);
c_temp.drawBitmap(mBitmapOut, 0, 0, null);
Drawable d_temp = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), b_temp);
publishProgress(d_temp);
}
}
}
Finally, in my project's properties, I added external JARs into the Java Build Path:
renderscript-v8.jar - C:\android\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64\sdk\build-tools\19.0.0\renderscript\lib
The code built without any issues. Then I tested it on a few devices. Here are the test results.
Nexus 7 (2012 version, upgraded to Android 4.4) The code ran to finish without crashing. However, after the Renderscript is called the 1st time, updating the ImageView results in a blank display. Apparently the output bitmap is not properly written into.
Huawei Mate (Android 4.1.2) The code crashes right after loading from ADT. Below is a selection of error messages (the post body is limited to 30k characters, so I can't post everything):
W/dalvikvm(2246): Refusing to reopen boot DEX '/system/framework/hwframework.jar'
E/RenderScript_jni(2246): No GC methods
D/dalvikvm(2246): Trying to load lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/libRSSupport.so 0x41726918
D/dalvikvm(2246): Added shared lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/libRSSupport.so 0x41726918
D/dalvikvm(2246): No JNI_OnLoad found in /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/libRSSupport.so 0x41726918, skipping init
D/dalvikvm(2246): Trying to load lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/librsjni.so 0x41726918
D/dalvikvm(2246): Added shared lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/librsjni.so 0x41726918
V/RenderScript_jni(2246): RS compat mode
V/RenderScript(2246): 0x5bc7d008 Launching thread(s), CPUs 3
E/RenderScript(2246): Unable to open shared library (/data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test//lib/librs.flip.so): Cannot load library: reloc_library[1306]: 132 cannot locate '_Z13rsUptimeNanosv'...
E/RenderScript(2246): Unable to open system shared library (/system/lib/librs.flip.so): (null)
D/AndroidRuntime(2246): Shutting down VM
W/dalvikvm(2246): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x40f122a0)
E/AndroidRuntime(2246): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
E/AndroidRuntime(2246): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.xxx.renderscript.test/com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity}: android.support.v8.renderscript.RSRuntimeException: Loading of ScriptC script failed.
Sony Xperia Z Ultra C6802(Android 4.2.2) The code crashes right after loading from ADT, with the following error messages (again selected to fit the 30k character limit):
D/AndroidRuntime(3498): CheckJNI is OFF
D/dalvikvm(3498): Trying to load lib libjavacore.so 0x0
D/dalvikvm(3498): Added shared lib libjavacore.so 0x0
D/dalvikvm(3498): Trying to load lib libnativehelper.so 0x0
D/dalvikvm(3498): Added shared lib libnativehelper.so 0x0
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.svox.pico for broadcast com.svox.pico/.VoiceDataInstallerReceiver: pid=3513 uid=10085 gids={50085, 1015, 1028}
I/ActivityManager(903): No longer want com.mobisystems.office:search (pid 2686): empty #34
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.sonymobile.enterprise.service for broadcast com.sonymobile.enterprise.service/.Receiver: pid=3539 uid=1000 gids={41000, 3003, 1015, 1028, 3002, 3001, 3007}
D/AndroidRuntime(3498): Calling main entry com.android.commands.am.Am
D/dalvikvm(3498): Note: class Landroid/app/ActivityManagerNative; has 157 unimplemented (abstract) methods
I/ActivityManager(903): START u0 {act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10000000 cmp=com.xxx.renderscript.test/.RenderScriptTestActivity} from pid 3498
D/AndroidRuntime(3498): Shutting down VM
D/jdwp(3498): Got wake-up signal, bailing out of select
D/dalvikvm(3498): Debugger has detached; object registry had 1 entries
D/dalvikvm(3557): Late-enabling CheckJNI
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.xxx.renderscript.test for activity com.xxx.renderscript.test/.RenderScriptTestActivity: pid=3557 uid=10088 gids={50088, 1028}
D/dalvikvm(3557): Debugger has detached; object registry had 1 entries
I/Icing.InternalIcingCorporaProvider(2583): Updating corpora: A: com.xxx.renderscript.test, C: MAYBE
E/.AppDataSearchProvider(2583): Could not connect to AppDataSearchClient to register corpora.
W/Icing.InternalIcingCorporaProvider(2583): Corpora registration failed
I/com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity(3557): onCreate()
E/.AppDataSearchProvider(2583): Could not connect to AppDataSearchClient for notifyTableChanged
W/Icing.InternalIcingCorporaProvider(2583): Application table change notification failed.
D/dalvikvm(2856): GC_CONCURRENT freed 187K, 73% free 3028K/11084K, paused 3ms+4ms, total 20ms
D/ConnectionNotify(3116): queue add:2
D/AudioHardwareALSAExt(329): getParameters() supported_effect
D/[APP_SERVICE](3116): package com.xxx.renderscript.test installed
D/[APP_SERVICE](3116): add package com.xxx.renderscript.test
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.UCMobile for broadcast com.UCMobile/.receivers.SysReceiver: pid=3587 uid=10207 gids={50207, 3003, 1015, 1028}
I/dalvikvm(3587): Turning on JNI app bug workarounds for target SDK version 8...
D/dalvikvm(3410): GC_CONCURRENT freed 511K, 71% free 3273K/11084K, paused 2ms+1ms, total 20ms
D/dalvikvm(3410): WAIT_FOR_CONCURRENT_GC blocked 5ms
E/RenderScript_jni(3557): No GC methods
D/dalvikvm(3557): Trying to load lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/libRSSupport.so 0x418243f8
D/dalvikvm(3557): Added shared lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/libRSSupport.so 0x418243f8
D/dalvikvm(3557): No JNI_OnLoad found in /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/libRSSupport.so 0x418243f8, skipping init
D/dalvikvm(3557): Trying to load lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/librsjni.so 0x418243f8
D/dalvikvm(3557): Added shared lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/librsjni.so 0x418243f8
V/RenderScript_jni(3557): RS compat mode
V/RenderScript(3557): 0x72b26978 Launching thread(s), CPUs 4
E/RenderScript(3557): Unable to open shared library (/data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test//lib/librs.flip.so): Cannot load library: soinfo_relocate(linker.cpp:975): cannot locate symbol "_Z13rsUptimeNanosv" referenced by "librs.flip.so"...
E/RenderScript(3557): Unable to open system shared library (/system/lib/librs.flip.so): (null)
D/AndroidRuntime(3557): Shutting down VM
W/dalvikvm(3557): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4154aae0)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.xxx.renderscript.test/com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity}: android.support.v8.renderscript.RSRuntimeException: Loading of ScriptC script failed.
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2224)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2274)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:150)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1276)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:213)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5153)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:797)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:564)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): Caused by: android.support.v8.renderscript.RSRuntimeException: Loading of ScriptC script failed.
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.support.v8.renderscript.ScriptC.<init>(ScriptC.java:69)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.xxx.renderscript.test.ScriptC_flip.<init>(ScriptC_flip.java:41)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity.onCreate(RenderScriptTestActivity.java:53)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5104)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1080)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2188)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): ... 11 more
W/ActivityManager(903): Force finishing activity com.xxx.renderscript.test/.RenderScriptTestActivity
I'd appreciate if someone could look into the issues, whether it's bugs in my code or Android SDK issues. Comments/suggestions are welcome Thanks!
[EDIT] I stripped un-related stuff from my code, and am posting the complete code here, in hope that someone could repeat my problem, and find a solution. I also added more test results.
526
Well. I'm not sure if this is still needed and if it will fix your problem, but I suggest you try to use Android Plugin for Gradle 1.5.0
This must be set in your project's build.gradle(NOT in app build.gradle)
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.5.0'
}
And use buildToolsVersion 22.0.1 or 23.0.2 or the latest version.
130
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