printf function in c

Question

Does printf function in c calls argument by reference or by value?

Answer 1

Everything in C is passed by value.

Even things that look like they're passed by reference (i.e., pointers to variables so that you can change the underlying variables) are in fact the values of the pointers being passed by value.

Answer 2

There's no pass by reference in C, everything is by value or pointer-to-address by value