Postgres table column name restrictions?

Question

I did this in psql:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS apiss (skey TEXT, time INTEGER, user TEXT, ip TEXT); 

I get

ERROR:  syntax error at or near "user" LINE 1: ...BLE IF NOT EXISTS apiss (skey TEXT, time INTEGER, user TEXT,... 

I do:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS apiss (skey TEXT, time INTEGER, userd TEXT, ip TEXT); 

It works.
Note the userd instead of user.

Are there some restrictions on the column names that a table can have? (postgresql v9.1.3)

Answer 1

Here's a nice table of reserved words in PostgreSQL:
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-keywords-appendix.html

It is probably best to simply avoid using those words as table- or column-names.
An alternative, however, is to enclose the identifier in double-quotes, e.g.:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS apiss (     skey TEXT,      time INTEGER,      "user" TEXT,      ip TEXT); 

Additionally, Postgres reserves system column names for internal use in every table: "Every table has several system columns that are implicitly defined by the system. Therefore, these names cannot be used as names of user-defined columns."

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/ddl-system-columns.html

Answer 2

In my company, I had to scan an entire database for reserved words. I solved the task with the help of

select * from pg_get_keywords()