"pip3 install numpy" fails on brewed Python 3.5

Question

I use OS X Yosemite with a Homebrew-installed Python 3.5.

Trying to install NumPy with pip3 install numpy results in the following error

Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/setup.py", line 251, in <module>
        setup_package()
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/setup.py", line 243, in setup_package
        setup(**metadata)
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup
        return old_setup(**new_attr)
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 62, in run
        r = self.setuptools_run()
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/install.py", line 36, in setuptools_run
        return distutils_install.run(self)
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/command/install.py", line 539, in run
        self.run_command('build')
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build.py", line 39, in run
        old_build.run(self)
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
        self.run_command(cmd_name)
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 153, in run
        self.build_sources()
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 170, in build_sources
        self.build_extension_sources(ext)
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 329, in build_extension_sources
        sources = self.generate_sources(sources, ext)
      File "/private/var/folders/w_/6ddpl57d1hx5m1m_nbhwd3qw0000gn/T/pip-build-ocs2rs8s/numpy/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 386, in generate_sources
        source = func(extension, build_dir)
      File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 432, in generate_config_h
        moredefs, ignored = cocache.check_types(config_cmd, ext, build_dir)
      File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 42, in check_types
        out = check_types(*a, **kw)
      File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 293, in check_types
        "Cannot compile 'Python.h'. Perhaps you need to "\
    SystemError: Cannot compile 'Python.h'. Perhaps you need to install python-dev|python-devel.

notably failure to find Python.h, which however does exist at /usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/include/python3.5m/Python.h

How do I go about this?

Answer 1

This is a known bug and should be fixed soon: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/issues/43916