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Using pip version 20.2.4, Python 3.8.2 and Big Sur 11.0.1.
When I run pip install cryptography, I get this error:
Building wheels for collected packages: cffi
Building wheel for cffi (setup.py): started
Building wheel for cffi (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /Users/xxx/projects/xxx/venv/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/g8/nj6ghjhgj11j84rsjmqqb00000gn/T/pip-install-aufpkz3c/cffi/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/g8/nj6ghjhgj11j84rsjmqqb00000gn/T/pip-install-aufpkz3c/cffi/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /private/var/folders/g8/nj6ghjhgj11j84rsjmqqb00000gn/T/pip-wheel-asotxqfl
cwd: /private/var/folders/g8/nj6ghjhgj11j84rsjmqqb00000gn/T/pip-install-aufpkz3c/cffi/
Complete output (42 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8
creating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/backend_ctypes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/error.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/setuptools_ext.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/cffi_opcode.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_gen.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/pkgconfig.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/model.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/ffiplatform.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/api.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/vengine_cpy.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/commontypes.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/lock.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/recompiler.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/cparser.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/verifier.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_include.h -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/parse_c_type.h -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/_embedding.h -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
copying cffi/_cffi_errors.h -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/cffi
running build_ext
building '_cffi_backend' extension
creating build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8
creating build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/c
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -iwithsysroot/System/Library/Frameworks/System.framework/PrivateHeaders -iwithsysroot/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/Headers -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/local/Cellar/libffi/3.3/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/ffi -I/Users/xxxx/projects/xxxx/venv/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/include/python3.8 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:5854:2: error: Apple Arm64 ABI requires ffi_prep_cif_var
#error Apple Arm64 ABI requires ffi_prep_cif_var
^
c/_cffi_backend.c:6304:9: warning: 'ffi_prep_closure' is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
if (ffi_prep_closure(closure, &cif_descr->cif,
^
/usr/local/Cellar/libffi/3.3/include/ffi.h:341:18: note: 'ffi_prep_closure' has been explicitly marked deprecated here
__attribute__((deprecated))
^
1 warning and 1 error generated.
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for cffi
I didn't ever encounter this before I upgraded MacOS. Any idea what I can try?
807
cryptography failed to install! If you are having issues installing cryptography the first troubleshooting step is to upgrade pip and then try to install again. For most users this will take the form of pip install -U pip , but on Windows you should do python -m pip install -U pip .
How To Solve ERROR: Could not build wheels for cryptography which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly Error ? To Solve ERROR: Could not build wheels for cryptography which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly Error Just open your requirement. txt file. And just Set cryptography to version 2.8 or 2.9.
First install openssl
brew install openssl
Then export compiler options:
export CRYPTOGRAPHY_SUPPRESS_LINK_FLAGS="1"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/include"
and now you can use pip install
pip3 install cryptography==2.8
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