PHP Case Insensitive Word Replacement

Question

Ok I'm trying to make search terms bold in this search script I'm making, except I can't get it to work case insensitive.

    function highlight($term,$target){
    $terms = explode(" ", $term);

    foreach($terms as $term){
        $result = (eregi_replace($term, "<strong>$term</strong>", $target));
    }
    return $result;
}

That is the function I have so far.. It says on PHP.net that eregi_replace is case insensitive matching but it's obviously not working for some reason. (I'm a noob).

Any ideas? :D

Answer 1

The ereg_* (POSIX regular expression) functions are deprecated as of PHP 5.3 and have not been suggested for a long time. It is better to use the PCRE (preg_*) functions (such as preg_replace).

You can do so by creating a case-insensitive regular expression, and then wrapping matches in <strong> tags:

function highlight($term, $target)
{
  $terms = array_unique(explode(" ", $term)); // we only want to replace each term once
  foreach ($terms as $term)
  {
    $target = preg_replace('/\b(' . preg_quote($term) . ')\b/i', "<strong>$1</strong>", $target);
  }

  return $target;
}

What this does is first call preg_quote on your $term so that if there are any characters that have meaning in a regular expression in the term, they are escaped, then creates a regular expression that looks for that term surrounded by word boundaries (\b -- so that if the term is "good" it won't match "goodbye"). The term is wrapped in parentheses to make the regular expression engine capture the term in its existing form as a "backreference" (a way for the regular expression engine to hang on to parts of a match). The expression is made case-insensitive by specifying the i option. Finally, it replaces any matches with that same backreference surrounded by the <strong> tag.

$string = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. The quicker brown fox didn't jump over the lazy dog.";
$terms = "quick fox";
highlight($terms, $string);
// results in: The <strong>quick</strong> brown <strong>fox</strong> jumped over the lazy dog. The quicker brown <strong>fox</strong> didn't jump over the lazy dog.

If you'd like a good tutorial on regular expressions, check out the tutorial on regular-expressions.info.