Pandas Python, select columns based on rows conditions

Question

I have a dataframe:

import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(2, 4))
print(df)
          0         1         2         3
0  1.489198  1.329603  1.590124  1.123505
1  0.024017  0.581033  2.500397  0.156280

I want to select the columns which for there is at least one row with a value greater than 2. I tried the following, but it did not work as expected.

df[df.columns[df.iloc[(0,1)]>2]]

In this toy example my expected output would be:

       2
1.590124  
2.500397 

Answer 1

Use gt and any to filter the df:

In [287]:
df.ix[:,df.gt(2).any()]

Out[287]:
          2
0  1.590124
1  2.500397

Here we use ix to select all rows, the first : and the next arg is a boolean mask of the columns that meet the condition:

In [288]:
df.gt(2)

Out[288]:
       0      1      2      3
0  False  False  False  False
1  False  False   True  False

In [289]:
df.gt(2).any()

Out[289]:
0    False
1    False
2     True
3    False
dtype: bool

In your example what you did was select the cell value for the first row and second column, you then tried to use this to mask the columns but this just returned the first column hence why it didn't work:

In [291]:
df.iloc[(0,1)]

Out[291]:
1.3296030000000001

In [293]:
df.columns[df.iloc[(0,1)]>2]

Out[293]:
'0'

Answer 2

Use mask created with df > 2 with any and then select columns by ix:

import pandas as pd
np.random.seed(18)
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(2, 4))
print(df)
          0         1         2         3
0  0.079428  2.190202 -0.134892  0.160518
1  0.442698  0.623391  1.008903  0.394249

print ((df>2).any())
0    False
1     True
2    False
3    False
dtype: bool

print (df.ix[:, (df>2).any()])
          1
0  2.190202
1  0.623391

EDIT by comment:

You can check your solution per partes:

It seems it works, but it always select second column (1, python count from 0) column if condition True:

print (df.iloc[(0,1)])
2.19020235741

print (df.iloc[(0,1)] > 2)
True

print (df.columns[df.iloc[(0,1)]>2])
1

print (df[df.columns[df.iloc[(0,1)]>2]])
0    2.190202
1    0.623391
Name: 1, dtype: float64

And first column (0) column if False, because boolean True and False are casted to 1 and 0:

np.random.seed(15)
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(2, 4))
print (df)
          0         1         2         3
0 -0.312328  0.339285 -0.155909 -0.501790
1  0.235569 -1.763605 -1.095862 -1.087766

print (df.iloc[(0,1)])
0.339284706046

print (df.iloc[(0,1)] > 2)
False

print (df.columns[df.iloc[(0,1)]>2])
0

print (df[df.columns[df.iloc[(0,1)]>2]])
0   -0.312328
1    0.235569
Name: 0, dtype: float64

If change column names:

np.random.seed(15)
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(2, 4))
df.columns = ['a','b','c','d']
print (df)
          a         b         c         d
0 -0.312328  0.339285 -0.155909 -0.501790
1  0.235569 -1.763605 -1.095862 -1.087766

print (df.iloc[(0,1)] > 2)
False

print (df[df.columns[df.iloc[(0,1)]>2]])
0   -0.312328
1    0.235569
Name: a, dtype: float64