org.hibernate.StaleStateException: Batch update returned unexpected row count from update [0]; actual row count: 0; expected

Question

I am getting this error when I am trying to update values in my database from my spring mvc application :

 org.hibernate.StaleStateException: Batch update returned unexpected row count from update [0]; actual row count: 0; expected: 1
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.Expectations$BasicExpectation.checkBatched(Expectations.java:61)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.Expectations$BasicExpectation.verifyOutcome(Expectations.java:46)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.checkRowCounts(BatchingBatcher.java:68)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:48)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:242)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:235)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:140)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:298)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:27)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1000)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:338)
        at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:106)
        at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager.doCommit(HibernateTransactionManager.java:656)
        at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:754)
        at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:723)
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.commitTransactionAfterReturning(TransactionAspectSupport.java:393)
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:120)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy21.updatePerson(Unknown Source)
        at se.lowdin.civilforsvaret.webapp.controller.EditPersonContoller.save(EditPersonContoller.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
        at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:560)
        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:641)
        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:304)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:240)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:164)
        at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:462)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:164)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:562)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:395)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:250)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:188)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:166)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:302)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
    DEBUG: org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - about to close PreparedStatement (open PreparedStatements: 1, globally: 1)
    TRACE: org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - closing statement
    ERROR: org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener - Could not synchronize database state with session
    org.hibernate.StaleStateException: Batch update returned unexpected row count from update [0]; actual row count: 0; expected: 1
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.Expectations$BasicExpectation.checkBatched(Expectations.java:61)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.Expectations$BasicExpectation.verifyOutcome(Expectations.java:46)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.checkRowCounts(BatchingBatcher.java:68)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:48)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:242)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:235)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:140)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:298)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:27)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1000)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:338)
        at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:106)
        at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager.doCommit(HibernateTransactionManager.java:656)
        at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:754)
        at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:723)
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.commitTransactionAfterReturning(TransactionAspectSupport.java:393)
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:120)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy21.updatePerson(Unknown Source)
        at se.lowdin.civilforsvaret.webapp.controller.EditPersonContoller.save(EditPersonContoller.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
        at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:560)
        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:641)
        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:304)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:240)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:164)
        at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:462)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:164)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:562)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:395)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:250)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:188)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:166)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:302)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
    TRACE: org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - registering flush end
    DEBUG: org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction - rollback
    DEBUG: org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction - re-enabling autocommit
    DEBUG: org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction - rolled back JDBC Connection
    TRACE: org.hibernate.jdbc.JDBCContext - after transaction completion
    DEBUG: org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - transaction completed on session with on_close connection release mode; be sure to close the session to release JDBC resources!
    TRACE: org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - after transaction completion
    TRACE: org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - closing session
    TRACE: org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - performing cleanup
    DEBUG: org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - releasing JDBC connection [ (open PreparedStatements: 0, globally: 0) (open ResultSets: 0, globally: 0)]
    TRACE: org.hibernate.jdbc.JDBCContext - after transaction completion
    DEBUG: org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - transaction completed on session with on_close connection release mode; be sure to close the session to release JDBC resources!
    TRACE: org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - after transaction completion
    feb 07, 2014 11:04:32 FM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
    SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [spring] in context with path [/CRUDWebAppMavenized] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateOptimisticLockingFailureException: Batch update returned unexpected row count from update [0]; actual row count: 0; expected: 1; nested exception is org.hibernate.StaleStateException: Batch update returned unexpected row count from update [0]; actual row count: 0; expected: 1] with root cause
    org.hibernate.StaleStateException: Batch update returned unexpected row count from update [0]; actual row count: 0; expected: 1
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.Expectations$BasicExpectation.checkBatched(Expectations.java:61)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.Expectations$BasicExpectation.verifyOutcome(Expectations.java:46)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.checkRowCounts(BatchingBatcher.java:68)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:48)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:242)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:235)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:140)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:298)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:27)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1000)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:338)
        at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:106)
        at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager.doCommit(HibernateTransactionManager.java:656)
        at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:754)
        at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:723)
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.commitTransactionAfterReturning(TransactionAspectSupport.java:393)
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:120)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy21.updatePerson(Unknown Source)
        at se.lowdin.civilforsvaret.webapp.controller.EditPersonContoller.save(EditPersonContoller.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
        at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)
        at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:560)
        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:641)
        at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:304)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:240)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:164)
        at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:462)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:164)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:562)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:395)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:250)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:188)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:166)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:302)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

So my actual error seem to be something with the ID´s in the database and whats being updated. In my GET method I am getting the current ID which in this case is 10.

@Autowired
PersonService service;


@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView index(@PathVariable int id) {

    EditPersonBean bean = new EditPersonBean();

    if (id > 0) {
        Person person = service.getPerson(id);
        bean.copyValuesToBean(person);
    }

    ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("editPerson");
    mav.addObject("editPersonBean", bean);
    return mav;

}

But in my post method this ID that was 10 is suddenly 0 which I belive might be the cause of this error?

@RequestMapping(value = "/edit", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public String save (EditPersonBean bean, Person person, @RequestParam(value = "file", required = false) MultipartFile file) {


            System.out.println("incoming id : " + bean.getId());

            try {

                Blob blob = Hibernate.createBlob(file.getInputStream());
                bean.copyBeanValuesToPerson(person,blob);
                service.updatePerson(person);

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }


            return "redirect:/person.html";
        }

What then could be the cause of this or is the error something else?

public class EditPersonBean {

        private int id;
        private String firstName;
        private String lastName;
        private String email;
        private String phoneNumber;
        private String otherInfo;
        private Blob image;
        private String userName;
        private String password;

        public void copyValuesToBean(Person person){

            setId((int) person.getId());
            setFirstName(person.getFirstName());
            setLastName(person.getLastName());
            setEmail(person.getEmail());
            setPhoneNumber(person.getPhoneNumber());
            setOtherInfo(person.getOtherInfo());
            setImage(person.getImage());
            setUserName(person.getUserName());
            setPassword(person.getPassword());;

        }

@Entity
public class Person {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "ID")
    private int id;
    @Column(name = "FIRSTNAME")
    private String firstName;
    @Column(name = "SECONDNAME")
    private String lastName;
    @Column(name = "EMAIL")
    private String email;
    @Column(name = "MobilePHONENUM")
    private String phoneNumber;
    @Column(name = "OTHER")
    private String otherInfo;
    @Column(name = "image")
    @Lob
    private Blob image;
    @NotEmpty
    @Size(min = 1, max = 50)
    @Column(name = "username")
    private String userName;
    @NotEmpty
    @Size(min = 1, max = 20)
    @Column(name = "password")
    private String password;

    public Person() {

    }

    public Person(int id, String firstName, String lastName, String email,
            String phoneNumber, String otherInfo, Blob image, String userName, String password) {

        setId(id);
        setFirstName(firstName);
        setLastName(lastName);
        setEmail(email);
        setPhoneNumber(phoneNumber);
        setOtherInfo(otherInfo);
        setImage(image);
        setUserName(password);
        setPassword(userName);

    } //Getters and setters...

JPA class :

@Override
    public Person getPerson(int personId) {
        return (Person)session.getCurrentSession().get(Person.class, personId);
    }

Answer 1

This error usually caused when the hibernate can't find all the rows it needs to update. Meaning that when you try to update some objects that were pulled from the DB they don't really exist anymore (or never existed in the first place).

It might be because another thread is deleting them or that the DB's isolation mode is set to read_uncommited and so rows that were created by another transaction failed to save (due to a transaction failure) and don't exist anymore.

Answer 2

The only way to exactly know what is happening is to turn on Hibernate statement logging in your Hibernate.cfg.xml configuration. That is because none of the line numbers in the stack trace correspond with the part of your code that performed the actual Hibernate operation. Instead, the operations are batched and then executed all at once upon transaction close (or after a specified number of operations have been batched).

To enable Hibernate statement logging,

    <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    <property name="format_sql">true</property>
    <property name="use_sql_comments">true</property>

That said, last time I ran into this issue, it was a case of a record being deleted by general HQL update in a different thread/transaction, then the current thread/transaction trying to delete the exact same record by ID. Unfortunately since the transaction is batched you don't see it at the point you did the delete but, rather, at some point way later in the program execution. Thus the need to turn on statement logging to see which actual Hibernate operation triggered the exception.