org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist exception

Question

I'm creating a simple app to just insert a row to a table (if table does not exist, create it) using Java JPA.

I'm attaching some code for a runnable example of it.

Here's the exception I'm getting and the stacktrace:

EXCEPTION -- > org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: view.Person
javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: view.Person
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1763)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1677)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1683)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1187)
    at view.TestJPA.main(TestJPA.java:34)
Caused by: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: view.Person
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:139)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:75)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:811)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:784)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:789)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1181)
    ... 1 more

And here is my code:

Main class:

package view;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

public class TestJPA {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Person p = new Person(1, "Peter", "Parker");

        EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("TesePersistentUnit");
        EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();

        EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
        try {
            transaction.begin();

            entityManager.persist(p);
            entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
        } 
        catch (Exception e) {
            if (transaction != null) {
                transaction.rollback();
            }
            System.out.println("EXCEPTION -- > " + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        finally {
            if (entityManager != null) {
                entityManager.close();
            }
        }
    }
}

And the Person class:

package view;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "People")
public class Person {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private int id;

    private String name;
    private String lastName;

    public Person(int id, String name, String lastName) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Person() {
    }
}

And here's my persistence.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="TesePersistentUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <class>view.Person</class>
        <properties>
            <!-- SQL dialect -->
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>

            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/tese_tabelas?zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value=""/>

            <!-- Create/update tables automatically using mapping metadata -->
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

----------------------- EDIT ---------------------------

I just changed the provider to EclipseLink and with no further changes it is working. I'm confused now. Why does it works with EclipseLink but with Hibernate it generates an exception?

Answer 1

The reason for this is that you have declared the id in Person class as generated with auto strategy meaning JPA tries to insert the id itself while persisting the entity. However in your constructor you are manually setting the id variable . Since the ID is manually assigned, and that the entity is not present in the persistence context this causes JPA to think that you are trying to persist an entity which is detached from persistence context and hence the exception.

To fix it dont set the id in the constructor.

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private int id;



public Person(int id, String name, String lastName) {
       // this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.lastName = lastName;
  }