No found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations:

Question

I am trying to write a SOAP service using Spring, however I receive a Dependency Injection issue. I'm having problems using @Autowired through the Service like this:

    public interface UserDao {     User getUser(String username); } 

Implementation for Dao as below:

  @Controller("userDao")     public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {     private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(UserDaoImpl.class);      @Autowired     @Qualifier("sessionFactory")     private LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory;      @Override     public User getUser(String username) {         Session session = sessionFactory.getObject().openSession();         // Criteria query = session.createCriteria(Student.class);         Query query = session                 .createQuery("from User where username = :username");         query.setParameter("username", username);         try {             System.out.println("\n Load Student by ID query is running...");             /*              * query.add(Restrictions.like("id", "%" + id + "%",              * MatchMode.ANYWHERE)); return (Student) query.list();              */             return (User) query.uniqueResult();         } catch (Exception e) {             // TODO: handle exception             log.info(e.toString());         } finally {             session.close();         }         return null;     }  } 

and

public interface UserBo {     User loadUser(String username); } 

and

public class UserBoImpl implements UserBo {     @Autowired     private UserDao userDao;      @Override     public User loadUser(String username) {         // TODO Auto-generated method stub         return userDao.getUser(username);     }  }   @WebService @Component public class UserService {      @Autowired     private UserBo userBo;      @WebMethod(operationName = "say")     public String sayHello(String name) {         return ("Hello Java to " + name);     }      @WebMethod(operationName = "getUser")     public User getUser(String username) {         return userBo.loadUser(username);     } } 

The below is xml mapping file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ws="http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/core"     xmlns:wss="http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/servlet"     xsi:schemaLocation="     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd     http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/core     http://jax-ws.java.net/spring/core.xsd     http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/servlet     http://jax-ws.java.net/spring/servlet.xsd      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">     <context:annotation-config />      <context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws"></context:component-scan>     <context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws.dao"></context:component-scan>     <bean id="userDao" class="edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDaoImpl"></bean>     <!-- <context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws.bo"></context:component-scan>      -->     <wss:binding url="/user">         <wss:service>             <ws:service bean="#userService" />         </wss:service>     </wss:binding>     <bean id="userBo" class="edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl"></bean>     <bean id="dataSource"         class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/contentdb" />         <property name="username" value="root" />         <property name="password" value="123456" />     </bean>     <bean id="sessionFactory"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>         <property name="hibernateProperties">             <props>                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>             </props>         </property>         <property name="packagesToScan" value="edu.java.spring.ws.model" />     </bean> </beans> 

And the error thrown when deploying is: Here is the updated stack trace:

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.SpringBinding#0' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot create inner bean '(inner bean)#538071ba' of type [org.jvnet.jax_ws_commons.spring.SpringService] while setting bean property 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)#538071ba' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'userService' while setting bean property 'bean'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveInnerBean(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:290)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:129)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1456)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703)     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)     at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403)     at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:306)     at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4992)     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5490)     at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1575)     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1565)     at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)     at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)#538071ba' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'userService' while setting bean property 'bean'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:336)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:108)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1456)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveInnerBean(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:276)     ... 24 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:328)     ... 30 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)     ... 38 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1017)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:960)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)     ... 40 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)     ... 51 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1103)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:963)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858)     at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)     ... 53 more 

Answer 1

Look at the exception:

No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency 

This means that there's no bean available to fulfill that dependency. Yes, you have an implementation of the interface, but you haven't created a bean for that implementation. You have two options:

• Annotate UserDaoImpl with @Component or @Repository, and let the component scan do the work for you, exactly as you have done with UserService.
• Add the bean manually to your xml file, the same you have done with UserBoImpl.

Remember that if you create the bean explicitly you need to put the definition before the component scan. In this case the order is important.

Answer 2

Add the annotation @Repository to the implementation of UserDaoImpl

@Repository public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {     private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(UserDaoImpl.class);      @Autowired     @Qualifier("sessionFactory")     private LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory;      //...  }