Multiple package with exporter in Perl

Question

I'm trying to get familiar with Perl exporter, the issue i am facing is whatever I try I cannot use exporter with modules containing multiple packages in it. What am I missing below?

MyModule.pm

use strict;
use warnings;

package Multipackage1;
use Exporter;
our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT = qw(test1);

sub test1 {

  print "First package\n";

}

1;

package Multipackage2;
use Exporter;
our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT = qw(test2);

sub test2 {

   print "Second package\n";

}

1;

package Multipackage3;
use Exporter;
our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT_OK = qw(test3);

sub test3 {

   print "Third package\n";

}

1;


MyMainFile.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl 

use strict;
use warnings;
use Multipackage;
use Multipackage qw(test3);

print "Calling first package:\n";
test1();
print "Calling second package:\n";
test2();
print "Calling third package:\n";
test3();

I getting test1 is not part of the main package.

Thanks in advance.

Answer 1

The use calls require, which looks for a file with the package name (with / for :: and + .pm).

So require the actual file with packages instead and then import from packages.

main.pl

use warnings;
use strict;

require MyModule;

import Multipackage1;
import Multipackage2;
import Multipackage3 qw(test3);

print "Calling first package:\n";
test1();
print "Calling second package:\n";
test2();
print "Calling third package:\n";
test3();

In the MyModule.pm, place each package in its own block to provide scope for lexical variables, since package doesn't do that, or use package Pack { ... } since v5.14. There is no need for all those 1s, and you may pull use Exporter; out of the blocks.

Output

Calling first package:
First package
Calling second package:
Second package
Calling third package:
Third package

Better yet, replace our @ISA = qw(Exporter); with use Exporter qw(import); for

use strict;
use warnings;

package Multipackage1 {
    use Exporter qw(import);
    our @EXPORT = qw(test1);

    sub test1 { print "First package\n" }
}
...
1;

with the same output.

Note that putting multiple packages in one file is normally not needed and not done.