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I'm trying to test some python code that uses boto. I'd rather not try and do an integration test against AWS, so I am trying to mock it out with moto, and it's not behaving as I'd expect.
Here's the test code:
import io
import boto3
from moto import mock_ec2
from unittest.mock import patch
from argparse import Namespace
from awswl import commands
@mock_ec2
@patch('awswl.externalip.get_external_ip', return_value='192.0.2.1')
def test_list_command_lists_ipv4_and_ipv6_cidrs(exip_method):
# Given
options = Namespace()
options.sgid = "sg-123456"
ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')
sg = ec2.create_security_group(
Description='Security Group for SSH Whitelisting',
GroupName='SSH Whitelist'
)
print("Created security group: {0}".format(sg.GroupId))
And the error:
Testing started at 16:46 ...
/path/.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/bin/python "/path/Library/Application Support/JetBrains/Toolbox/apps/PyCharm-P/ch-0/173.4301.16/PyCharm.app/Contents/helpers/pycharm/_jb_pytest_runner.py" --target test_commands.py::test_list_command_lists_ipv4_and_ipv6_cidrs
Launching py.test with arguments test_commands.py::test_list_command_lists_ipv4_and_ipv6_cidrs in /path/awswl/tests
============================= test session starts ==============================
platform darwin -- Python 3.6.4, pytest-3.4.2, py-1.5.2, pluggy-0.6.0
rootdir: /path/awswl, inifile:
collected 1 item
test_commands.py F
tests/test_commands.py:22 (test_list_command_lists_ipv4_and_ipv6_cidrs)
exip_method = <MagicMock name='get_external_ip' id='4547595848'>
@mock_ec2
@patch('awswl.externalip.get_external_ip', return_value='192.0.2.1')
def test_list_command_lists_ipv4_and_ipv6_cidrs(exip_method):
# Given
options = Namespace()
options.sgid = "sg-123456"
> ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')
test_commands.py:30:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/boto3/__init__.py:92: in resource
return _get_default_session().resource(*args, **kwargs)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/boto3/session.py:389: in resource
aws_session_token=aws_session_token, config=config)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/boto3/session.py:263: in client
aws_session_token=aws_session_token, config=config)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/session.py:861: in create_client
client_config=config, api_version=api_version)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py:76: in create_client
verify, credentials, scoped_config, client_config, endpoint_bridge)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py:285: in _get_client_args
verify, credentials, scoped_config, client_config, endpoint_bridge)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/args.py:45: in get_client_args
endpoint_url, is_secure, scoped_config)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/args.py:111: in compute_client_args
service_name, region_name, endpoint_url, is_secure)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py:358: in resolve
service_name, region_name)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/regions.py:122: in construct_endpoint
partition, service_name, region_name)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
self = <botocore.regions.EndpointResolver object at 0x10f1a3908>
partition = OrderedDict([('defaults', OrderedDict([('hostname', '{service}.{region}.{dnsSuffix}'), ('protocols', ['https']), ('sig...1', OrderedDict()), ('us-east-2', OrderedDict()), ('us-west-1', OrderedDict()), ('us-west-2', OrderedDict())]))]))]))])
service_name = 'ec2', region_name = None
def _endpoint_for_partition(self, partition, service_name, region_name):
# Get the service from the partition, or an empty template.
service_data = partition['services'].get(
service_name, DEFAULT_SERVICE_DATA)
# Use the partition endpoint if no region is supplied.
if region_name is None:
if 'partitionEndpoint' in service_data:
region_name = service_data['partitionEndpoint']
else:
> raise NoRegionError()
E botocore.exceptions.NoRegionError: You must specify a region.
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/regions.py:135: NoRegionError
[100%]
=================================== FAILURES ===================================
_________________ test_list_command_lists_ipv4_and_ipv6_cidrs __________________
exip_method = <MagicMock name='get_external_ip' id='4547595848'>
@mock_ec2
@patch('awswl.externalip.get_external_ip', return_value='192.0.2.1')
def test_list_command_lists_ipv4_and_ipv6_cidrs(exip_method):
# Given
options = Namespace()
options.sgid = "sg-123456"
> ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')
test_commands.py:30:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/boto3/__init__.py:92: in resource
return _get_default_session().resource(*args, **kwargs)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/boto3/session.py:389: in resource
aws_session_token=aws_session_token, config=config)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/boto3/session.py:263: in client
aws_session_token=aws_session_token, config=config)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/session.py:861: in create_client
client_config=config, api_version=api_version)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py:76: in create_client
verify, credentials, scoped_config, client_config, endpoint_bridge)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py:285: in _get_client_args
verify, credentials, scoped_config, client_config, endpoint_bridge)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/args.py:45: in get_client_args
endpoint_url, is_secure, scoped_config)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/args.py:111: in compute_client_args
service_name, region_name, endpoint_url, is_secure)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/client.py:358: in resolve
service_name, region_name)
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/regions.py:122: in construct_endpoint
partition, service_name, region_name)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
self = <botocore.regions.EndpointResolver object at 0x10f1a3908>
partition = OrderedDict([('defaults', OrderedDict([('hostname', '{service}.{region}.{dnsSuffix}'), ('protocols', ['https']), ('sig...1', OrderedDict()), ('us-east-2', OrderedDict()), ('us-west-1', OrderedDict()), ('us-west-2', OrderedDict())]))]))]))])
service_name = 'ec2', region_name = None
def _endpoint_for_partition(self, partition, service_name, region_name):
# Get the service from the partition, or an empty template.
service_data = partition['services'].get(
service_name, DEFAULT_SERVICE_DATA)
# Use the partition endpoint if no region is supplied.
if region_name is None:
if 'partitionEndpoint' in service_data:
region_name = service_data['partitionEndpoint']
else:
> raise NoRegionError()
E botocore.exceptions.NoRegionError: You must specify a region.
../../../../../.virtualenvs/awswl-Ir8BWU8l/lib/python3.6/site-packages/botocore/regions.py:135: NoRegionError
=========================== 1 failed in 1.80 seconds ===========================
Process finished with exit code 0
It looks like it's invoking boto, not mocking it out with Moto, and I'm getting a NoRegionError because there's no region/profile specified.
What am I doing wrong? I assume it's me, but I haven't figured out how. ;)
244
Moto - Mock AWS Services Moto is a library that allows your tests to easily mock out AWS Services. Imagine you have the following python code that you want to test: import boto3 class MyModel(object): def __init__(self, name, value): self.
Moto is an open source library that provides an easy abstraction to Python's built-in unit test mock library. Its documentation is awesome, and it supports a rich set of AWS functionalities, relieving the need to develop mocks on your own.
Moto is a library that allows your tests to easily mock out AWS Services. Imagine you have the following python code that you want to test: import boto3 class MyModel(object): def __init__(self, name, value): self. name = name self.
It looks like the problem as the test output points out might be related to not specifying any region when creating the resource with boto3. From your test output:
botocore.exceptions.NoRegionError: You must specify a region.
Checking also moto's tests, looks like the region is always specified there as well.
Simply initialising the resource with an example region should fix your problem:
boto3.resource('ec2', region_name='eu-central-1')
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