Media projections require a foreground service of type ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE TYPE_MEDIA_PROJECTION in Android Pie and Q

Question

any body knows why this error occur, Media projections require a foreground service of type ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_MEDIA_PROJECTION on getMediaProjection() even i call getMediaProjection() method after calling startforeground() method..!

Stack Trace is :

  Process: com.al1.screenrecorder, PID: 24641
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start service com.al1.screenrecorder.service.DisplayRecorderService@9ef2101 with Intent { cmp=com.al1.screenrecorder/.service.DisplayRecorderService (has extras) }: java.lang.SecurityException: Media projections require a foreground service of type ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_MEDIA_PROJECTION
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleServiceArgs(ActivityThread.java:4661)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2900(ActivityThread.java:292)
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2246)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:213)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:8147)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:513)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1101)
 Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: Media projections require a foreground service of type ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_MEDIA_PROJECTION
    at android.os.Parcel.createException(Parcel.java:2071)
    at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:2039)
    at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:1987)
    at android.media.projection.IMediaProjection$Stub$Proxy.start(IMediaProjection.java:231)
    at android.media.projection.MediaProjection.<init>(MediaProjection.java:75)
    at android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(MediaProjectionManager.java:104)
    at com.al1.screenrecorder.service.DisplayRecorderService.createMediaProjection(DisplayRecorderService.java:118)
    at com.al1.screenrecorder.service.DisplayRecorderService.onStartCommand(DisplayRecorderService.java:107)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleServiceArgs(ActivityThread.java:4641)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2900(ActivityThread.java:292) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2246) 
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107) 
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:213) 
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:8147) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
    at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:513) 
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1101) 
 Caused by: android.os.RemoteException: Remote stack trace:
    at com.android.server.media.projection.MediaProjectionManagerService$MediaProjection.start(MediaProjectionManagerService.java:498)
    at android.media.projection.IMediaProjection$Stub.onTransact(IMediaProjection.java:135)
    at android.os.Binder.execTransactInternal(Binder.java:1028)
    at android.os.Binder.execTransact(Binder.java:1001)

strong text private void startForeground() {

    Intent activityIntent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
    activityIntent.setAction("stop");
    PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, activityIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);

    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {

        String channelId = "001";
        String channelName = "myChannel";
        NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE);
        channel.setLightColor(Color.BLUE);
        channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE);

        NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

        if (manager != null) {
            manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
            Notification notification = new Notification.
                    Builder(getApplicationContext(), channelId)
                    .setOngoing(true)
                    .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                    .setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
                    .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.ClickToCancel))
                    .setContentIntent(contentIntent)
                    .build();
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
                startForeground(0, notification, ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_MEDIA_PROJECTION);
            } else {
                startForeground(0, notification);
            }
        }
    } else {
        startForeground(0, new Notification());
    }

}

and onStartCommand is :

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
    Log.i(TAG, "Service onStartCommand() is called");

    startForeground();

    mResultCode = intent.getIntExtra("code", -1);
    mResultData = intent.getParcelableExtra("data");
    mScreenWidth = intent.getIntExtra("width", 720);
    mScreenHeight = intent.getIntExtra("height", 1280);
    mScreenDensity = intent.getIntExtra("density", 1);
    isVideoSd = intent.getBooleanExtra("quality", true);
    isAudio = intent.getBooleanExtra("audio", true);


    mMediaProjection = createMediaProjection();
    mMediaRecorder = createMediaRecorder();
    mVirtualDisplay = createVirtualDisplay();
    mMediaRecorder.start();

    return Service.START_STICKY;
}

and exception is in this method on getMediaProjection:

 private MediaProjection createMediaProjection() {
    Log.i(TAG, "Create MediaProjection");
    return ((MediaProjectionManager) Objects.requireNonNull(getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE))).
            getMediaProjection(mResultCode, mResultData);
}

Answer 1

You have to start a foreground service bit before you create media projection.

If you have already a service, there will be a delay to start the service most times even if you start service before you initialize media projection. Start projection after a slight delay after you start the service. I think this will do the trick.

code sample:

startService(new Intent(AppController.getInstance(),
            ScreenCaptureService.class));

 new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            MediaProjectionManager projectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager)
                    context.getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);

           if (isServiceActive(context, ScreenCaptureService.class)){
               mMediaProjection =
                       projectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);
               processAndSaveScreenshotFromDevice(context);
           }
        }
    }, 200);

Answer 2

Add android:foregroundServiceType="mediaProjection" to the <service> element in the manifest for your service.

Answer 3

Try this: https://stackoverflow.com/a/68343645/5182769. The key is you must create notification channel in onStartCommand firstly.

Answer 4

The problem with OP's code was that he used

startForeground(0, notification, ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_MEDIA_PROJECTION);

Docs explicitly say:

Params: id – The identifier for this notification as per NotificationManager.notify(int, Notification); must not be 0.