JUnit test for console input and output

Question

I have only one method main. How to check System.out.println() and replace Scanner to input values automatically using JUnit?

P.S. Please, provide some solutions...

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    int[] arr = new int[4];

    for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
        arr[i] = scanner.nextInt();
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
        int res = 0;
        int k = 0;
        int num = arr[i];
        /*.....*/
        System.out.println(num);
    }
}

Answer 1

Ideally, extract the awkward dependencies so that you can test without them. Change main to simply:

public static void main(String[] args) {
  doWork(new Scanner(System.in), System.out);
}

// TODO: Rename to something meaningful
public static void doWork(Scanner input, PrintStream output) {
  // Remainder of code
}

(Consider using a Writer instead of a PrintStream for output.)

Then you don't really need to unit test main - but you can test doWork using a Scanner based on a StringReader, and output based on a StringWriter, providing whatever input you want and checking the output.