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In Java, there is what is called package. Does library in C++ represent the same meaning, especially in terms for example of containg relative classes and the use of protected members?
Thanks.
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Packages are namespaces. There are uncountable "Util" classes, but you can uniquely identify them because of their fully qualified name that is the package + class name. A library is a set of classes that concur to provide a feature/functionality. Maybe you mean unlimited but not uncountable.
However, it is often assumed that while a package is a collection of modules, a library is a collection of packages.
Java comes with a core set of libraries, including those that define commonly used data types and related behavior, like String or Date; utilities to interact with the host operating system, such as System or File; and useful subsystems to manage security, deal with network communications, and create or parse XML.
As an alternative of Packages in Java, the C# language has namespace.
There are different dimensions of what a package means in Java. As a container that differentiates the names of the classes inside from the names of classes in other packages, its equivalent would be c++ namespaces.
As a unit that guarantees access to non-private members to classes in the same block, there is no equivalent in C++. The access level granted to a class is independent of the namespace where the class is defined.
As a way of ordering your sources in the disk, there is no equivalent, the C++ language has no requirements on how the code is stored in files.
Regarding c++ libraries, that is closer to jar files in Java. They bundle different classes that share some relation. A jar can contain more than one package, and more than one jar can contain classes from the same package. Similarly with libraries, they can contain classes from different namespaces and/or different libraries can contain classes from the same namespace.
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