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The question is simple: is refs/heads/master the same thing as refs/remotes/origin/master? If it is not in some cases, how can I know when it is not and what it is then?
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Master: This is a branch name where we first initiate git and then we use to make commits. And the changes in the master can pull/push into a remote. origin/master: This is a remote branch, which has a local branch named master on a remote named origin.
Here, master is a branch in the local repository. remotes/origin/master is a branch named master on the remote named origin . You can refer to this as either origin/master , as in: git diff origin/master..master. You can also refer to it as remotes/origin/master : git diff remotes/origin/master..master.
What is Origin (or Remote Head) in Git? The word origin is an alias that Git created to replace the remote URL of a remote repository. It represents the default branch on a remote and is a local ref representing a local copy of the HEAD in the remote repository.
Origin and Master are two different terminologies used when working and managing the git projects. Origin is the name used for the remote repository. Master is the name of the branch.
They are two different symbolic names that can point to different things. refs/heads/master is a branch in your working copy named master. Frequently that is a tracking branch of refs/remotes/origin/master because origin is the default name for the remote created by git clone and its primary branch is usually also named master.
You can see the difference between them with git rev-list refs/heads/master..refs/remotes/origin/master which will be empty if they are the same and will otherwise list the commits between them.
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The key difference to understand is that the branches under refs/heads/ are branches that, when you have one checked out, you can advance by creating new commits. Those under refs/remotes/, however, are so-called "remote-tracking branches" - these refs just point to the commit that a remote repository was at the last time you did a git fetch <name-of-remote>, or a successful git push to the corresponding branch in that remote repository. (I wrote a blog post that talks about this difference at some length here.)
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