Is default return variable of function always allocated?

Question

I'm interested in how default variable named the same as the function is implemented.

• Is Sum always allocated even if I am not using it? (see case 1)
• If I choose another variable (Total in CASE 3), is it used instead of Sum?

Are the following 3 equivalent cases also equivalent when compiled? Or is some superior to others?

' EQUIVALENT CASES

' CASE 1
Function Sum(a As Integer, b As Integer) As Integer
    Return a + b
End Function

' CASE 2
Function Sum(a As Integer, b As Integer) As Integer
    Sum = a + b
End Function

' CASE 3
Function Sum(a As Integer, b As Integer) As Integer
    Dim Total As Integer
    Total = a + b
    Return Total
End Function

As I read somewhere, functions compiling to less than 32 bytes are inserted inline. I wonder whether in some cases, I might end above or below the limit just because of the chosen notation.

Answer 1

I renamed your functions to Sum1, Sum2, and Sum3, respectively and then ran them through LinqPad. Here is the generated IL:

Sum1:
IL_0000:  ldarg.1     
IL_0001:  ldarg.2     
IL_0002:  add.ovf     
IL_0003:  ret         

Sum2:
IL_0000:  ldarg.1     
IL_0001:  ldarg.2     
IL_0002:  add.ovf     
IL_0003:  stloc.0     // Sum2
IL_0004:  ldloc.0     // Sum2
IL_0005:  ret         

Sum3:
IL_0000:  ldarg.1     
IL_0001:  ldarg.2     
IL_0002:  add.ovf     
IL_0003:  stloc.1     // Total
IL_0004:  ldloc.1     // Total
IL_0005:  ret         

It appears that Sum2 and Sum3 result in the same IL. Sum1 appears to be more efficient since it puts the result of the operator directly onto the stack. The others must pull the result off the stack into the local variable and then push it back onto the stack!