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Are classes private or public by default in Java and C++?
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No, we cannot declare a top-level class as private or protected. It can be either public or default (no modifier). If it does not have a modifier, it is supposed to have a default access.
No it doesn't. Unless it's public, the class won't be visible to other code which isn't in the same package. The default accessibility (which can't be specified explicitly) is that a class (or other member) is only visible to other code within the same package.
By default access to members of a C++ class is private. The private members are not accessible outside the class; they can be accessed only through methods of the class. The public members form an interface to the class and are accessible outside the class.
public means you can access it anywhere while private means you can only access it inside its own class. Just to note all private, protected, or public modifiers are not applicable to local variables in Java. a local variable can only be final in java.
Java:
By default, the classes visibility is package private, i.e. only visible for classes in the same package.
C++:
The class has no visibility defined like in Java. They are visible if you included them to the compilation unit.
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