I am making an application where I would like to capture an image from the front facing camera, without presenting a capture screen of any kind. I want to take a picture completely in code without any user interaction. How would I do this for the front facing camera?
How to capture an image using the AVFoundation front-facing camera:
Development Caveats:
ViewController.h
// Frameworks
#import <CoreVideo/CoreVideo.h>
#import <CoreMedia/CoreMedia.h>
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface CameraViewController : UIViewController <AVCaptureVideoDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate>
// Camera
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIImageView* cameraImageView;
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureDevice* device;
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureSession* captureSession;
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer* previewLayer;
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIImage* cameraImage;
@end
ViewController.m
#import "CameraViewController.h"
@implementation CameraViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
[self setupCamera];
[self setupTimer];
}
- (void)setupCamera
{
NSArray* devices = [AVCaptureDevice devicesWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
for(AVCaptureDevice *device in devices)
{
if([device position] == AVCaptureDevicePositionFront)
self.device = device;
}
AVCaptureDeviceInput* input = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:self.device error:nil];
AVCaptureVideoDataOutput* output = [[AVCaptureVideoDataOutput alloc] init];
output.alwaysDiscardsLateVideoFrames = YES;
dispatch_queue_t queue;
queue = dispatch_queue_create("cameraQueue", NULL);
[output setSampleBufferDelegate:self queue:queue];
NSString* key = (NSString *) kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey;
NSNumber* value = [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInt:kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA];
NSDictionary* videoSettings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:value forKey:key];
[output setVideoSettings:videoSettings];
self.captureSession = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];
[self.captureSession addInput:input];
[self.captureSession addOutput:output];
[self.captureSession setSessionPreset:AVCaptureSessionPresetPhoto];
self.previewLayer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:self.captureSession];
self.previewLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;
// CHECK FOR YOUR APP
self.previewLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.size.height, self.view.frame.size.width);
self.previewLayer.orientation = AVCaptureVideoOrientationLandscapeRight;
// CHECK FOR YOUR APP
[self.view.layer insertSublayer:self.previewLayer atIndex:0]; // Comment-out to hide preview layer
[self.captureSession startRunning];
}
- (void)captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput didOutputSampleBuffer:(CMSampleBufferRef)sampleBuffer fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection
{
CVImageBufferRef imageBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer);
CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(imageBuffer,0);
uint8_t *baseAddress = (uint8_t *)CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(imageBuffer);
size_t bytesPerRow = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(imageBuffer);
size_t width = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(imageBuffer);
size_t height = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(imageBuffer);
CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
CGContextRef newContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(baseAddress, width, height, 8, bytesPerRow, colorSpace, kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little | kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);
CGImageRef newImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(newContext);
CGContextRelease(newContext);
CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
self.cameraImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newImage scale:1.0f orientation:UIImageOrientationDownMirrored];
CGImageRelease(newImage);
CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(imageBuffer,0);
}
- (void)setupTimer
{
NSTimer* cameraTimer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:2.0f target:self selector:@selector(snapshot) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
}
- (void)snapshot
{
NSLog(@"SNAPSHOT");
self.cameraImageView.image = self.cameraImage; // Comment-out to hide snapshot
}
@end
Connect this up to a UIViewController with a UIImageView for the snapshot and it'll work! Snapshots are taken programmatically at 2.0 second intervals without any user input. Comment out the selected lines to remove the preview layer and snapshot feedback.
Any more questions/comments, please let me know!
Convert above code to Swift 4
import UIKit
import AVFoundation
class CameraViewController: UIViewController, AVCaptureVideoDataOutputSampleBufferDelegate {
@IBOutlet weak var cameraImageView: UIImageView!
var device: AVCaptureDevice?
var captureSession: AVCaptureSession?
var previewLayer: AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer?
var cameraImage: UIImage?
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
setupCamera()
setupTimer()
}
func setupCamera() {
let discoverySession = AVCaptureDevice.DiscoverySession(deviceTypes: [.builtInWideAngleCamera],
mediaType: AVMediaType.video,
position: .front)
device = discoverySession.devices[0]
let input: AVCaptureDeviceInput
do {
input = try AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: device!)
} catch {
return
}
let output = AVCaptureVideoDataOutput()
output.alwaysDiscardsLateVideoFrames = true
let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "cameraQueue")
output.setSampleBufferDelegate(self, queue: queue)
output.videoSettings = [kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey as AnyHashable as! String: kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA]
captureSession = AVCaptureSession()
captureSession?.addInput(input)
captureSession?.addOutput(output)
captureSession?.sessionPreset = AVCaptureSession.Preset.photo
previewLayer = AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer(session: captureSession!)
previewLayer?.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravity.resizeAspectFill
previewLayer?.frame = CGRect(x: 0.0, y: 0.0, width: view.frame.width, height: view.frame.height)
view.layer.insertSublayer(previewLayer!, at: 0)
captureSession?.startRunning()
}
func captureOutput(_ output: AVCaptureOutput, didOutput sampleBuffer: CMSampleBuffer, from connection: AVCaptureConnection) {
let imageBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer)
CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(imageBuffer!, CVPixelBufferLockFlags(rawValue: 0))
let baseAddress = UnsafeMutableRawPointer(CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(imageBuffer!))
let bytesPerRow = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(imageBuffer!)
let width = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(imageBuffer!)
let height = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(imageBuffer!)
let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
let newContext = CGContext(data: baseAddress, width: width, height: height, bitsPerComponent: 8, bytesPerRow: bytesPerRow, space: colorSpace, bitmapInfo:
CGBitmapInfo.byteOrder32Little.rawValue | CGImageAlphaInfo.premultipliedFirst.rawValue)
let newImage = newContext!.makeImage()
cameraImage = UIImage(cgImage: newImage!)
CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(imageBuffer!, CVPixelBufferLockFlags(rawValue: 0))
}
func setupTimer() {
_ = Timer.scheduledTimer(timeInterval: 2.0, target: self, selector: #selector(snapshot), userInfo: nil, repeats: true)
}
@objc func snapshot() {
print("SNAPSHOT")
cameraImageView.image = cameraImage
}
}
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