inverting image in Python with OpenCV

Question

I want to load a color image, convert it to grayscale, and then invert the data in the file.

What I need: to iterate over the array in OpenCV and change every single value with this formula (it might be wrong but it seems reasonable for me):

img[x,y] = abs(img[x,y] - 255) 

but I don't understand why doesn't it works:

def inverte(imagem, name):     imagem = abs(imagem - 255)     cv2.imwrite(name, imagem)   def inverte2(imagem, name):     for x in np.nditer(imagem, op_flags=['readwrite']):         x = abs(x - 255)     cv2.imwrite(name, imagem)   if __name__ == '__main__':     nome = str(sys.argv[1])     image = cv2.imread(nome)     gs_imagem = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)     inverte(gs_imagem, "invertida.png")     inverte2(gs_imagem, "invertida2.png") 

I don't want to do an explicit loop (I am trying to be more pythonic). I can see that in one image that got a white background it turned black, but only this it doesn't looks like the other colors are having much (if any) change.

Answer 1

You almost did it. You were tricked by the fact that abs(imagem-255) will give a wrong result since your dtype is an unsigned integer. You have to do (255-imagem) in order to keep the integers unsigned:

def inverte(imagem, name):     imagem = (255-imagem)     cv2.imwrite(name, imagem) 

You can also invert the image using the bitwise_not function of OpenCV:

imagem = cv2.bitwise_not(imagem) 

Answer 2

Alternatively, you could invert the image using the bitwise_not function of OpenCV:

imagem = cv2.bitwise_not(imagem) 

I liked this example.