In Java XOR with three true inputs returns true. Why?

Question

The following code

System.out.println("1 0 0: " + (true ^ false ^ false));
System.out.println("1 0 1: " + (true ^ false ^ true));
System.out.println("1 1 0: " + (true ^ true ^ false));
System.out.println("1 1 1: " + (true ^ true ^ true));
System.out.println("0 0 0: " + (false ^ false ^ false));
System.out.println("0 0 1: " + (false ^ false ^ true));
System.out.println("0 1 0: " + (false ^ true ^ false));
System.out.println("0 1 1: " + (false ^ true ^ true));

outputs:

1 0 0: true
1 0 1: false
1 1 0: false
1 1 1: true
0 0 0: false
0 0 1: true
0 1 0: true
0 1 1: false

Why does XOR returns true when all three inputs are true?

If it's valid logic how can I implement logic that returns true only if one of the input elements is true (no matter how many inputs I provide)?

Answer 1

If you want a true result, if one and only one inputs is true you can use:

(a ^ b ^ c ) ^ ( a && b && c )

the test case result:

true true true = false
true true false = false
true false true = false
true false false = true
false true true = false
false true false = true
false false true = true
false false false = false