How to wait correctly until BackgroundWorker completes?

Question

Observe the following piece of code:

var handler = GetTheRightHandler(); var bw = new BackgroundWorker(); bw.RunWorkerCompleted += OnAsyncOperationCompleted; bw.DoWork += OnDoWorkLoadChildren; bw.RunWorkerAsync(handler); 

Now suppose I want to wait until bw finishes working. What is the right way to do so?

My solution is this:

bool finished = false; var handler = GetTheRightHandler(); var bw = new BackgroundWorker(); bw.RunWorkerCompleted += (sender, args) => {   OnAsyncOperationCompleted(sender, args);   finished = true; }); bw.DoWork += OnDoWorkLoadChildren; bw.RunWorkerAsync(handler); int timeout = N; while (!finished && timeout > 0) {   Thread.Sleep(1000);   --timeout; } if (!finished) {   throw new TimedoutException("bla bla bla"); } 

But I do not like it.

I have considered replacing the finished flag with a synchronization event, set it in the RunWorkerCompleted handler and block on it later instead of doing the while-sleep loop.

Alas, it is wrong, because the code may run in the WPF or WindowsForm synchronization context, in which case I would block the same thread as the RunWorkerCompleted handler runs on, which is clearly not very smart move.

I would like to know of a better solution.

Thanks.

EDIT:

P.S.

• The sample code is so contrived intentionally to clarify my question. I am perfectly aware of the completion callback and yet I want to know how to wait till completion. That is my question.
• I am aware of Thread.Join, Delegate.BeginInvoke, ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem, etc... The question is specifically about BackgroundWorker.

EDIT 2:

OK, I guess it will be much easier if I explain the scenario.

I have a unit test method, which invokes some asynchronous code, which in turn ultimately engages a BackgroundWorker to which I am able to pass a completion handler. All the code is mine, so I can change the implementation if I wish to. I am not going, however, to replace the BackgroundWorker, because it automatically uses the right synchronization context, so that when the code is invoked on a UI thread the completion callback is invoked on the same UI thread, which is very good.

Anyway, it is possible that the unit test method hits the end before the BW finishes its work, which is not good. So I wish to wait until the BW completes and would like to know the best way for it.

There are more pieces to it, but the overall picture is more or less like I have just described.

Answer 1

Try using the AutoResetEvent class like this:

var doneEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false); var bw = new BackgroundWorker();  bw.DoWork += (sender, e) => {   try   {     if (!e.Cancel)     {       // Do work     }   }   finally   {     doneEvent.Set();   } };  bw.RunWorkerAsync(); doneEvent.WaitOne(); 

Caution: You should make sure that doneEvent.Set() is called no matter what happens. Also you might want to provide the doneEvent.WaitOne() with an argument specifying a timeout period.

Note: This code is pretty much a copy of Fredrik Kalseth answer to a similar question.

Answer 2

To wait for a background worker thread (single or multiple) do the following:

1. Create a List of Background workers you have programatically created:

   private IList<BackgroundWorker> m_WorkersWithData = new List<BackgroundWorker>(); 

2. Add the background worker in the list:

   BackgroundWorker worker = new BackgroundWorker(); worker.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(worker_DoWork); worker.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler(worker_ProgressChanged); worker.WorkerReportsProgress = true; m_WorkersWithData.Add(worker); worker.RunWorkerAsync(); 

3. Use the following function to wait for all workers in the List:

   private void CheckAllThreadsHaveFinishedWorking() {     bool hasAllThreadsFinished = false;     while (!hasAllThreadsFinished)     {         hasAllThreadsFinished = (from worker in m_WorkersWithData                                  where worker.IsBusy                                  select worker).ToList().Count == 0;         Application.DoEvents(); //This call is very important if you want to have a progress bar and want to update it                                 //from the Progress event of the background worker.         Thread.Sleep(1000);     //This call waits if the loop continues making sure that the CPU time gets freed before                                 //re-checking.     }     m_WorkersWithData.Clear();  //After the loop exits clear the list of all background workers to release memory.                                 //On the contrary you can also dispose your background workers. }