How to use Ajax within Sonata Admin forms?

Question

I have a Merchant entity with the following fields and associations:-

/**
 * @ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity="Category", inversedBy="merchants")
 */
public $categories;

/**
 * @ORM\ManyToMany(targetEntity="Tag", inversedBy="merchants")
 */
public $tags;

/**
 * @ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity="Category", inversedBy="merchants")
 */
protected $primaryCategory;

/**
 * @ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity="Tag", inversedBy="merchants")
 */
protected $primaryTag;

The Tags and Categories also have a ManyToMany mapping. So we have Tag_Category, Merchant_Tag, Merchant_Category mapping tables.

Now I want to perform some ajax on these fields.

I want to allow the user to select the Primary Tag first. On the basis of the Primary Tag, ajax refresh the categories to only those which belong to this Tag and some more operations.

How can I achieve this?

Thanks!

Answer 1

I was able to make this work a few months back. While what a.aitboudad has shared is accurate. There are a few gotcha's that first timers with Symfony/Sonata might face.

Here are the steps.

1> Extend Sonata CRUD's edit.html.twig / base_edit.html.twig . For simplicity, I'll use only the latter. Copy vendor/bundles/Sonata/AdminBundle/Resources/views/CRUD/base_edit.html.twig into the views folder corresponding to the MerchantAdminController - YourBundle/Resources/views/Merchant/base_edit.html.twig

2> We need to tell our MerchantAdmin class to use this template. So we override SonataAdmin's getEditTemplate method like this:

public function getEditTemplate()
{
    return 'YourBundle:Merchant:base_edit.html.twig';
}

3> Next we need to code the Ajax functionality in our base_edit.html.twig . Standard Ajax comprises of the following:

3.1> -- Create an Action in the controller for the Ajax request We primarily want to get a list of category IDs corresponding to a particular tag. But most likely you are just using Sonata's CRUD Controller.

Define your MerchantAdminController which extends CRUDController

<?php

namespace GD\AdminBundle\Controller;

use Sonata\AdminBundle\Controller\CRUDController as Controller;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
use GD\AdminBundle\Entity\Merchant;

class MerchantAdminController extends Controller
{

}

3.2> -- Tell your Admin service to use this newly created controller instead of the default CRUDController by defining it in YourBundle/Resources/config/services.yml

gd_admin.merchant:
        class: %gd_admin.merchant.class%
        tags:
            - { name: sonata.admin, manager_type: orm, group: gd_merchant, label: Merchants }
        arguments: [null, GD\AdminBundle\Entity\Merchant, GDAdminBundle:MerchantAdmin]

Notice that the 3rd argument is the name of your controller. By default it would have been null.

3.3> -- Create an Action named getCategoryOptionsFromTagAction in your controller. Your Ajax call will be to this Action.

// route - get_categories_from_tag
public function getCategoryOptionsFromTagAction($tagId)
    {   
        $html = ""; // HTML as response
        $tag = $this->getDoctrine()
            ->getRepository('YourBundle:Tag')
            ->find($tagId);

        $categories = $tag->getCategories();

        foreach($categories as $cat){
            $html .= '<option value="'.$cat->getId().'" >'.$cat->getName().'</option>';
        }

        return new Response($html, 200);
    }

3.4> -- Create the corresponding route in app/config/routing.yml. Remember to expose your route if you are using the FOSJsRoutingBundle (else you'll have to hardcode which is not a good idea).

get_categories_from_tag:
    pattern: /{_locale}/admin/gd/admin/merchant/get-categories-from-tag/{tagId}
    defaults: {_controller: GDAdminBundle:MerchantAdmin:getCategoryOptionsFromTag}
    options:
        expose: true

3.5> -- Make the Ajax Request and use the response

{% block javascripts %}
    {{ parent() }}
    <script type="text/javascript">

        $(document).ready(function(){
            var primaryTag = $("#{{ admin.uniqId }}_primaryTag");
            primaryTag.change(updateCategories()); // Bind the function to updateCategories
            primaryTag.change(); // Manual trigger to update categories in Document load.

            function updateCategories(){
                return function () {
                    var tagId = $("#{{ admin.uniqId }}_primaryTag option:selected").val();
                    var primaryCategory = $("#{{ admin.uniqId }}_primaryCategory");
                    primaryCategory.empty();
                    primaryCategory.trigger("liszt:updated");
                    var locale = '{{ app.request.get('_locale') }}';

                    var objectId = '{{ admin.id(object) }}'

                    var url = Routing.generate('get_categories_from_tag', { '_locale': locale, 'tagId': tagId, _sonata_admin: 'gd_admin.merchant', id: objectId });
                    $.post(url, { tagId: tagId }, function(data){
                        primaryCategory.empty().append(data);
                        primaryCategory.trigger("liszt:updated");
                    },"text");

                    primaryCategory.val("option:first").attr("selected", true);
                };
            }
        });
    </script>
{% endblock %}

Gotcha 1: How to get the Unique ID that is appended to all Sonata elements

Solution: Use the admin variable which will give you access to all the Admin Class's properties including uniqId. See code on how to use it.

Gotcha 2: How to get the Router in your JS.

Solution: By default Symfony2 Routing doesn't work in JS. You need to use a bundle called FOSJSRouting (explained above) and expose the route. This will give you access to the Router object within your JS too.

I have modified my solution slightly to make this example clearer. If you notice anything wrong, please feel free to comment.

Answer 2

At step 1 of Amit and Lumbendil answer you should change

{% extends base_template %}

into

{% extends 'SonataAdminBundle::standard_layout.html.twig' %}

if you get an error like

Unable to find template "" in YourBundle:YourObject:base_edit.html.twig at line 34.