Navigate | Type Hierarchy Ctrl+H will show similar information, however in the Panel. You can Float and Unpin the Panel so that it appears on the fixed display position only when you use the keyboard shortcut.
In terms of behavior the equivalent of Eclipse Ctrl+T in IntelliJ IDEA is Ctrl+Alt+B
Not an IntelliJ IDEA user, but this blog post seems to indicate that in version 8.1.1 and beyond Ctrl+Alt+U will display the "Quick Class Hierarchy".
Intellij does - in contrast to Eclipse - distinguish between type hierachies and implementation classes. I'm still undecided whether this is a good thing or not (just switched over from Eclipse to Intellij myself)
On a Mac Intellij 14
Also try CTRL+SHIFT+A in case of any doubt. The short cut for short cut information.
In IntelliJ IDEA 12, it's Navigate > Type Hierarchy (Ctrl+H by default).
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