How to run the Android Emulator with Cordova?

Question

Prerequisite

• Android SDK is well installed (directory : /Users/gamecube/Library/Android/sdk)

How to reproduce :

1. Run this command : cordova build android
2. Run this command to launch android emulator : cordova emulate android --verbose

Expected result

The emulator is launched.

Obtained result

Command finished with error code 0: /Users/gamecube/Desktop/geocars/platforms/android/gradlew cdvBuildDebug,-b,/Users/gamecube/Desktop/geocars/platforms/android/build.gradle
Built the following apk(s): 
    /Users/gamecube/Desktop/geocars/platforms/android/app/build/outputs/apk/debug/app-debug.apk
No scripts found for hook "before_deploy".
Checking Java JDK and Android SDK versions
ANDROID_SDK_ROOT=undefined (recommended setting)
ANDROID_HOME=/Users/gamecube/Library/Android/sdk (DEPRECATED)
Running command: adb devices
Command finished with error code 0: adb devices
Could not find either `android` or `avdmanager` on your $PATH! Are you sure the Android SDK is installed and available?
CordovaError: Could not find either `android` or `avdmanager` on your $PATH! Are you sure the Android SDK is installed and available?
    at /Users/gamecube/Desktop/geocars/platforms/android/cordova/lib/emulator.js:176:35
    at processTicksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:97:5)

My questions

Why Android Emulator does not work?

and

Why is there this error? :

CordovaError: Could not find either `android` or `avdmanager` on your $PATH! Are you sure the Android SDK is installed and available?

Answer 1

Without Android Studio, merely with Android Command Line Tools from Android SDK. Be sure these Android Command Line Tools (such as sdkmanager or avdmanager) are in the PATH, otherwise run them using the full path (for Debian/Ubuntu see this to install Android SDK).

Install the emulador

sdkmanager --install "emulator"

Install the platforms, example for Android API 32 and 33 (Android 12 and 13 respectively):

sdkmanager --install "system-images;android-32;google_apis;x86_64"
sdkmanager --install "system-images;android-33;google_apis;x86_64"

Create the Android Virtual Device (AVD), example:

avdmanager create avd -n emulator32 -k "system-images;android-32;google_apis;x86_64"

Confirm that was installed

avdmanager list avd

Run

cordova emulate android --target=emulator32