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There are two ways you can use assertRaises: using keyword arguments. Just pass the exception, the callable function and the parameters of the callable function as keyword arguments that will elicit the exception. Make a function call that should raise the exception with a context.
assertraises is a function that fails unless an exception is raised by an object of a class. It is mostly used in testing scenarios to prevent our code from malfunctioning.
Which is better – pytest or unittest? Although both the frameworks are great for performing testing in python, pytest is easier to work with. The code in pytest is simple, compact, and efficient. For unittest, we will have to import modules, create a class and define the testing functions within that class.
If you are using python2.7 or above you can use the ability of assertRaises to be use as a context manager and do:
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
self.testListNone[:1]
If you are using python2.6 another way beside the one given until now is to use unittest2 which is a back port of unittest new feature to python2.6, and you can make it work using the code above.
N.B: I'm a big fan of the new feature (SkipTest, test discovery ...) of unittest so I intend to use unittest2 as much as I can. I advise to do the same because there is a lot more than what unittest come with in python2.6 <.
The problem is the TypeError gets raised 'before' assertRaises gets called since the arguments to assertRaises need to be evaluated before the method can be called. You need to pass a lambda expression like:
self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: self.testListNone[:1])
The usual way to use assertRaises is to call a function:
self.assertRaises(TypeError, test_function, args)
to test that the function call test_function(args) raises a TypeError.
The problem with self.testListNone[:1] is that Python evaluates the expression immediately, before the assertRaises method is called. The whole reason why test_function and args is passed as separate arguments to self.assertRaises is to allow assertRaises to call test_function(args) from within a try...except block, allowing assertRaises to catch the exception.
Since you've defined self.testListNone = None, and you need a function to call, you might use operator.itemgetter like this:
import operator
self.assertRaises(TypeError, operator.itemgetter, (self.testListNone,slice(None,1)))
since
operator.itemgetter(self.testListNone,slice(None,1))
is a long-winded way of saying self.testListNone[:1], but which separates the function (operator.itemgetter) from the arguments.
Complete snippet would look like the following. It expands @mouad's answer to asserting on error's message (or generally str representation of its args), which may be useful.
from unittest import TestCase
class TestNoneTypeError(TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.testListNone = None
def testListSlicing(self):
with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as ctx:
self.testListNone[:1]
self.assertEqual("'NoneType' object is not subscriptable", str(ctx.exception))
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