how to populate() a mongoose .findOneAndUpdate object

Question

The code below works, it updates a record or creates one if it doesn't exist yet. However, I'd like to combine this findOneAndUpdate() statement with the populate() method in order to populate the "user" of my object. What would be the right way to add the populate("user") statement to this logic?

I tried adding the populate() method after the findOneAndUpdate finishes but that returns an error saying that this method doesn't exist. I'm running the latest version of mongoose.

LoyaltyCard.findOneAndUpdate({ business: businessid}, { $set: newCard, $inc: { stamps: +1 } }, { upsert: true}, function(err, card){

    if(err)
    {

    }
    else
    {

    }

    res.json(result);
});

Answer 1

Use exec() instead of a callback parameter:

LoyaltyCard.findOneAndUpdate(
        {business: businessid},
        {$set: newCard, $inc: {stamps: +1}},
        {upsert: true}
    )
    .populate('user')
    .exec(function(err, card) {
        if (err) {
            // ...
        } else {
            res.json(result);
        }
});