How to lock objects withthe same ids?

Question

I have got the following code:

public void Update(Foo foo)
{
    lock(_locker) 
    {
        UpdateFirstPart(foo.First);
        UpdateSecondPart(foo.Second);
        UpdateThirdPart(foo.Third);
    }
} 

public class Foo 
{
    public int Id;

    public Some1 First;  

    public Some2 Second; 

    public Some3 Third; 
}

Method Update can be performed in two or more threads and I use lock to prevent cuncurency problems with foo. But I would like to lock only those Foo that have similar Id. For instance if one thread executes method Update with Foo.Id = 1 and another thread executes Update with Foo.Id = 2 then lock is not needed and if two threads execute Update with two instances Foo with the same Id, lock is needed. Is it possible to create a such lock?

Answer 1

You could use ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue> for storing your locks.

private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<int, object> ThreadLockDict =
                                                    new ConcurrentDictionary<int, object>();

And use it in Update method:

public static void Update(Foo foo)
{
    // add a new locker object for each foo if it's not already in dictionary
    ThreadLockDict.TryAdd(foo.Id, new object());

    lock (ThreadLockDict[foo.Id])
    {
        // some code
    }
}

Answer 2

You could use this class to get a lock object for every Id:

public class MultiLockObjects<TKey>
{
    private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, Object>  _multiLocker = new ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, Object>();

    public Object this[TKey key]
    {
        get
        {
            Object lockObj = _multiLocker.GetOrAdd(key, tKey => new Object());
            return lockObj;
        }
    }
}

Then hold an instance of it in your class:

private MultiLockObjects<int> _idLocks = new MultiLockObjects<int>();

Usage is simple:

public void Update(Foo foo)
{
    Object idLockObject = _idLocks[foo.Id];
    lock (idLockObject)
    {
        UpdateFirstPart(foo.First);
        UpdateSecondPart(foo.Second);
        UpdateThirdPart(foo.Third);
    }
}